A&P Chapter 20

If blood pressure is elevated, the cardiovascular centers would compensate in this manner:

causing vasodilation

This factor has the greatest influence on blood flow if doubled

Radius of the blood vessel

When taking blood pressure by the auscultatory method, the stethoscope is used for

listen for the turbulent blood flow in the artery

Path an erythrocyte travels when moving from left ovary to the heart

Left gonadal (ovarian) vein -> left renal vein -> inferior vena cava

Vein frequently used for blood draws

Median cubical vein

The hepatic portal vein is formed by the junction of which two vessels?

Superior mesenteric and splenic veins

Intercostal veins drain blood from

spaces between the ribs

Blood from the arms, shoulders, and head passes through this vessel in order to return blood to the heart:

superior vena cava

If a blood clot formed in the left common carotid artery, blood would not enter the...

Left internal carotid

The left and right internal carotid arteries + the L & R vertebral arteries all contribute to the ___ __ ___

Circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle)

Blood going to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries contains a high concentration of carbon dioxide and a low concentration of _

Oxygen

What artery supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and spleen?

Celiac trunk

The first branch from the aortic arch

Brachiocephalic artery

Path a red blood cell takes as it leaves the heart, travels to tissue, & returns to heart:

Elastic artery -> muscular artery -> arteriole -> capillary -> Venule -> vein

This blood vessel has tunica adventitia (externa) as the predominant layer

Large veins

The inner layer of blood vessel walls & consists of endothelium, basement membrane, laminate propria, & an internal elastic membrane is the

Tunica intima (interna)

What are precapillary sphincters?

Smooth muscle cells that regulate blood flow from the thoroughfare channel into capillaries

What is a continuous capillary?

Capillary with no gaps between endothelial cells and is less permeable to large molecules.

Where are continuous capillaries found?

Muscle and nervous tissue

What statement best describes vascular compliance?

Results in veins being blood storage areas

If a person has a systolic pressure of 100mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 70mm Hg, the pulse pressure is __

30mm Hg

True or False: velocity of blood flow is faster in the aorta than in the vena cava

True

True or False: blood flow through both the vena cava and the aorta are about equal because there are 2 VC and only 1 aorta

True

True or false: Resistance to blood flow in the venue cabaret is low because of its larger diameter

True

Friction between the blood and vessels walls causes:

Peripheral resistance

Venous return can be increased by

Increased skeletal muscle activity

Colloid osmotic pressure of the blood is caused by the presence of what in the plasma?

Proteins

If blood pressure is elevated, the cardiovascular centers would compensate by

causing vasodilation

Vessels in order going from the small intestines to the inferior vena cava

Superior mesenteric vein -> hepatic portal vein -> hepatic vein

Although blood flow can increase 20-fold during exercise, cardiac output may not increase due to which 3 factors?

1. Vasoconstriction in the viscera

2. Temporary vasoconstriction of the skin

3. Vasodilation of skeletal muscle blood vessels

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