Muscle Anatomy and Functions

A set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to muscle anatomy and functions.

Endomysium

Connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber.

Perimysium

Dense irregular connective tissue that bundles muscle fibers into fascicles.

Epimysium

Outer dense irregular connective tissue wrapping that encloses fascicles.

Fascicle Shapes

Muscle bundles can be parallel, convergent, unipennate, bipennate, multipennate, or circular.

Agonists

Prime movers responsible for a specific movement.

Antagonists

Muscles that oppose movement, helping regulate motion.

Synergists

Muscles that assist prime movers in performing a movement.

Fixators

Muscles that stabilize bones and posture.

Biceps Brachii

Muscle located on the upper arm, responsible for flexion and supination.

Trapezius

Muscle that elevates the shoulder and retracts/rotates the scapula.

Diaphragm

Dome-shaped muscle that partitions the thoracic and abdominal cavities, aiding in breathing.

Erector Spinae

Group of muscles that extend the spine and allows for lateral bending and rotation.

Rectus Abdominis

Muscle that flexes the trunk and compresses the abdominal cavity.

Quadriceps Femoris

Group of muscles in the thigh that primarily extend the knee.

Hamstrings

Group of muscles at the back of the thigh responsible for knee flexion and femur extension.