Citrate, Urea Hydrolysis, Lysine Decarboxylase, SIM, and MR - VP Test - 15C Physiological Test's

What is the question being asked in the Citrate test?

Can the organism use citrate as a carbon source?

What are the key ingredients of a Citrate test?

Citrate (Only Carbon source in the slant)

Bromothymol Blue

How does the pH indicator work in a Citrate test?

Bromothymol blue

yellow = acidic

green = neutral

blue = basice

What chemical is being detected in a Citrate Test?

Ammonia, NH3 because when Citrate is being used it spits out ammonia.

What questions are asked in the Urea Hydolysis Test?

Can the organism breakdown Urea?

What are the key ingredients of the Urea Hydrolysis Test?

Phenol Red

Urea

How does the pH indicator work for the Urea Hydrolysis test?

Phenol Red

Yellow = basic

Orange = neutral

Red = Basic

Pink = Very Basic

What is the chemical being detected in the Urea Hydrolysis test?

NH3 Ammonia

What is the question being asked in the Lysine Decarboxylase Test?

Can the organism decarboxylate Lysine?

What are the key ingredients in a Lysine Carboxylase Test?

Lysine

• lysine

• glucose

• Bromocresol purple

• vaspar

Control

• glucose

• Bromocresol purple

• vaspar

How does the pH indicator work in the Lysine Decarboxylase test?

Bromocresol Purple

purple = basic

purple = neutral

yellow = acidic

What is the chemical being detected?

Amine

When the lysine is decarboxylated it produces an amine and CO2

What are the questions being asked in the SIM Test?

1. Sulfur test - Does the organism produce H2S from amino acids?

2. Indole Test - Does the organism produce indole from tryptophan?

3. Is the organism motile?

What are the key ingredients in the SIM Test?

1. Sulfur test - amino acid and iron (if there is sulfur it reacts with amino acid and turns the medium black)

2. Indole Test - amino acid and Kovac’s reagent

3. Motility Test - low concentration of agar and amino acids

What is the chemical being detected for the SIM Test?

1. Sulfur - H2S

2. Indole - Indole

3. Motility - none

How does the pH indicator work for the SIM test?

There are no pH indicators.

What is the question being asked in the MR - VP?

What type of fermentation does the organism perform?

MR - Mixed Acid Fermentation (produces a lot of acid)

VP - Butanediol fermentation (produces alcohol known as Butanediol, along the way forms acetuin inside the cell)

What are the key ingredients in the MR - VP test?

• Glucose and buffer in the broth

• MR - Methyl Red

• VP - Barritt’s A and Barritts B

What is the chemical being detected in the MR - VP test?

Acetoin (Makes broth pink)

How does the pH indicator work in an MR - VP test?

Methyl red

yellow = basic

orange = neutral

pink/red = acidic