Cranial Bones Axial Plane (Midterm)

What is sagittal plane?

Passes vertically from front to back; median sagittal splits left/right halves

What are the sagittal plane great for?

• Anterior to posterior

• Superior to inferior

• proximal to distal along a limb or structure

What is a coronal plane?

Vertical plane; images acquired from anterior to posterior

What is the coronal plane great for?

• Medial to lateral

• Superficial to deep

• Proximal to distal

What is Axial Transverse plane?

Passes horizontally; axial =transverse

What is axial plane great for?

anterior ↔ posterior, medial ↔ lateral, superficial ↔ deep

What is sagittal suture and where is it located?

●The sagittal suture runs from the frontal to the occipital bone.

• Divides the parietal bones into right and left halves

• Characteristic zigzag appearance is typical for cranial sutures

What is the top landmark called?

Sagittal Suture

What is the bottom landmark called?

Parietal Bone

What is this view of the skull?

Top view

What is the common view of the skull?

From inferior to superior

What is the landmark of # 1 called?

Frontal Bone

What is the landmark # 2 called?

Frontal Sinus

What is landmark # 3 called?

Orbital roof

What is landmark #1 called?

Nasal bone

What is landmark #2 called?

Perpendicular plate, ethmoid bone

What is landmark # 3 called?

Zygoma

What is landmark # 4 called?

Sphenoid Sinus

What is landmark # 5 called?

Ethmoid air cells (sinus)

What is landmark # 6 called?

Sphenoid bone

What is landmark # 7 called?

Dorsum Sellae, sphenoid bone

What is landmark # 8 called?

Temporal Bone

What is the mastoid air cells function?

Important for ear function and balance

What is the landmark #1 called?

Nasal septum

What is landmark # 2 called?

Zygoma

What is landmark # 3 called?

Maxillary Sinus

WHat is landmark # 4 called?

Sphenoid Bone

What is landmark # 5 called?

Carotid Canal

What is landmark # 5 called?

Nasal bone

What is landmark # 6 called?

Maxillary Bone

WHat is landmark # 7 called?

Sphenoid Sinus

What is landmark # 8 called?

Mastoid air cells, Temporal bone

What is the zygomatic arch connecting to?

Facial and cranial bones

What are maxillary sinuses located?

Within maxillary bones

Landmark 1?

Maxillary Bone

Landmark # 2

Maxillary sinus

Landmark #3?

Coronoid process, mandible

Landmark # 4 called?

Mandibular condyle

Landmark # 5? 

Carotid Canal

Landmark # 6?

Jugular Foramen

Landmark # 7?

Nasal Septum

Landmark # 8

Nasolacrimal duct

Landmark # 9

Zygoma 

Landmark # 10

Zygomatic arch

Landmark # 11?

Clivus 

Landmark # 12

External Auditory Meatus

Landmark # 13

Mastoid Air Cells, Temporal Bone

What is the nasal septum composed of?

Composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and Vomer

Where are the hard palate forms?

roof of the mouth

Where is the hard palate located?

Upper portion of the mouth made of the maxillary bone and the palatine bone

Landmark # 1

Tooth Root

Landmark 2

Mandible

Landmark 3?

Styloid Process, Temporal Bone

Landmark 4?

Anterior Arch, C-1

Landmark 5 ?

Odontoid Process, C-2

Landmark 6 ?

Hard palate, Maxillary bone

Landmark 7?

Hard Palate, Palatine Bone

Landmark 8?

Lateral Mass, C-1

Landmark 9

Posterior Arch, C-1

What does the coronal suture separates?

Frontal bone from the parietal bones, located anteriorly in the cranium

Landmark 1?

Frontal Bone

Landmark 2?

Coronal Suture

Landmark 3?

Lambdoidal Suture

Landmark 4?

Parietal Bone

Landmark 5?

Lambdoidal Suture

Landmark 6?

Occipital Bone

Where does the occipital bone located?

posterior to the parietal bones

What is the occipital bone separated?

form parietal bones by the lambdoidal suture

What is the key structure of the occipital bone?

posterior cranium

Landmark # 1

Frontal Sinus

Landmark 2 

Orbital Roof

Landmark 3?

Greater Wing Sphenoid Bone

Landmark 4

Middle Cranial Fossa

Landmark 5

Temporal Bone

Landmark 6

Mastoid Air Cells

Landmark 7

Occipital Bone

Landmark 8

Superior Orbital Rim

Landmark 9

Crista Galli

Landmark 10

Sphenoid Sinus

Landmark 11

Anterior Clinoid Process

Landmark 12

Dorsum Sellae

Landmark 13

Petrous Ridge Temporal Bone

Landmark 14

Auricle

Landmark 15

Posterior Cranial Fossa

What is a big fact of the frontal sinus?

Is one of the largest paranasal sinuses and located on the anterior side of the cranium

What image modality is visible of the outline of the orbits?

CT Images and the frontal bone form the upper portion of the orbital rim

What the temporal bone features?

The petrous portion (triangular shape) and contains mastoid air cells, visible as black areas on CT and distinguishing feature in cranial imaging

Where the Sphenoid Sinus located?

• Centrally located in the cranium, posterior to the orbits

• Distinct from the ethmoid sinus

Landmark 1

Lacrimal Duct

Landmark 2

Maxillary Sinus

Landmark 3

Lateral Pterygoid Process

Landmark 4

Mandible

Landmark 5

Mastoid Air Cells

Landmark 6

Pony tail

Landmark 7

Maxilla

Landmark 8

Deviated Nasal Septum

Landmark 9

Medial pterygoid Process

Landmark 10

Mandible

Landmark 11

Occipital Condyle

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Foramen Magnum