physics electric currents

what are the the fundamental laws of electrostatics

positive and negative charges like charges repel dissimilar charges attract

what is coulumbs law

the electrostatic attraction or repulsion force between two charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportionate to the square of their distances

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what does K stand for

constant of proportionality 9\*10^9 Mc^2/c^2

what is charges concentration

in a system electrons are only treanfered from one medium to another. the systems net charge is always the same

what are insulators

they are poor conductors of electricity and can be charged through firction

what conductors

they are good conductors of electricity and electrons flow freely

what is current

current is the rate of flow charge

what is the symbol for current

I

what does I stand for

current

what is Q stand for

coulumb

what is the letter for

charge

what is the formula to find current

I=q/t

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current=charge/time

what is the symbol for

symbol for connecting wire

what is the symbol for

symbol for resistor

what is this the symbol for

symbol for cell

what is this the symbol for

symbol for fuse

what is this the symbol for

plug key

what is this the symbol for

battery

what is this the symbol for

symbol for electric bulb

what is this the symbol for

symbol for linked connecting wires

what is this the symbol for

symbol for crossing wires

what is this the symbol for

symbol for volt meter

what is this the symbol for

symbol for ammeter

what is this the symbol for

symbol for alternating current

what is this

circuit diagram

what is electric potential

work done in carrying a unit positive charge from infinity to a point

what does W stand for

work

what is the symbol for work

W

what is the symbol for electric potential

v

what is v the symbol of

electric potential

formula to find electric potential

v=w/q

what is the SI unit for electric potential

volts(v)

what is the SI unit of current

ampere(a)

is current scaler or vecotr

scaler

what is electric potential difference

work done to move a unit energy from one location to another in a electric circuit carrying some current

what is the symbol for electric potential energy

VAB= electric potential difference between a and b

formula to find electric potential difference between a and b

VAB= work done to carry charge form A and B/charge

what is electric potential energy

work done to transport charges against the electric field using a source of energy. the potential energy of the charges stores the work done.

what is ohms law

under similar physical conditions, the current flowing through a wire is directly proportional to the difference in potential applied across its ends

what does R stand for

resistance

how to find resisitance formula

r=v/i. resistance=electric potential/current

what is resistance

opposition to the flow of current

SI unit of resistance

ohm(omega symbol)

what is variable resistance

regulates current without changing the voltage source

what is rheostat

device uses to commonly adjust the resistance in a electric circuit

factors affecting resistance

nature of the material of the wire, length of the wire, and cross-sectional area of the wire.

what is the relation between resistance and length

directly proportional

what is the relationship between resistance and cross section area

inversely proportional

what does P stand for

rho

what is rho

proportionality constant referring to the electrical resistivity of the conductors substance

what is resistivity

resistance offered by a wire of unit length and unit cross-sectional area

what is a factor affecting resistivity

temperature

what is the reciprocal of resistivity

conductivity

effect of temperature to resistance in conductors and insulators

temperature rise and resistance also rises

effect of temperature to resistance in semi conductors

is temperature rises then resistivity decreases

effect of temperature to resistance in alloys

temperature rise and resistance also rises

what are semiconductors

resistivity between insulators and conductors

what are superconductors

they lose their resistivity at low temperature

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what is equivalent resisitance

the resistors of individual resistance of multiple resistors in series

what happens if resistance are connected in a series resisitance

r5=r1+r2+r3………RN. current is the same. potential difference varies.

what happen if the series is parallel resistance

1/rp=1/r1+1/r2+1/r3………1/rn. potential is the same. current varies

what happens if one component fails in a series circuit

the entire circuit breaks

when is parallel resistance used

when each device needs different current and resistance

what resitance is this

parallel resistance

what resistance is this

series resisitance

what is joules law of heating

when current flows through resistivity, heat is produced

what are apllicators

they turn useful electrical energy into heat like toaster, oven, electric bulb, electric circuit fuse

what is a fuse wire

it melts to break the circuit, prevent high current flow,

what is electrical energy

work done to carry charge

what does W stand for

electric energy

how to find electric energy

v^2 t/r.

what is work done stored as

energy

SI unit or electrical energy

joules

what is electrical power

rate at which electrical energy is consumes

what is the formula to find electric power

p=v *i electric power= current ** potential

what is the SI unit for electric power

watt

what are the types of resistors

ohmic and nonohmic

what are ohmic conductors

obey ohms law, they are silver, copper aluminium

what are non ohmic conductors

do not obey ohms law. semi conductors-LED, solar cell, diode

what is a diode

it is a semi conductors

what is a thermistor

it is a resistor. used in digital thermometer

what is a voltage dividers

allows voltage to be divided between 2 resistors. allows voltage to the desired value

what are capictators

they store electric charge, can charge and discharge quickly, and collects energy in a circuit

what are maglev trains

superconductors, superconducting magnets, superconductors repel aproaching magnets, magnetic levitaiton

what conductor is this

ohmic conductor

what conductor is this

non ohmic ocnductor