drugs for protein synthesis

inhibit protein synth

aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, glyclycyclines, macrolides, streptogramins, oxazolidinones, pleuromutilins

aminoglycosides

streptomycin, neomycin, gentamicin

amino sugars are linked by glycoside bonds

changed 30s portion of 70s ribosome

nitrofuratoin

urinary bladder infectioins

bacterial nitrate reductases convert it to intermediates that attack bacterial ribosomal proteins

concentrates in urine as kidneys remov from blood

chloramphenicol

broad spectrum potentiall toxic

reacts w 50s portion of 70s prokaryotic ribosome

tetracyclines

tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline

interfere w attachment of tRNA carrying amino acids to ribosome at 30s portion of 70s

do NOT interfere w mammalian ribosomes, but can affect mitochondrial ribosomes

glycylcyclines

tigecycline

bacteriostatic antibiotic

inhibits rapid efflux (bacterial resistance)

macrolides

erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin

blocks the tunnel

streptogramins

quinupristin, dalfopristin

attach to 50s portion of ribosome like other anrtibiotics w chloramphenicol

oxazolidinones

linezolid

bind to 50s close to the point where it interfaces w 30s subunit

pleuromutilins

mutilin, retpamulin

effective against gp

streptomycin

broad spectrum, including mycobacteria

neomycin

topical use, broad spectrum

gentamicin

broad spectrum, including pseudomonas spp

tetracycline, oxytetra, chlortetra

broad spectrum, including chlamydias and rickettsias

tigecycline

broad spectrum, mrsa and acinetobacter

erthromycin

alt to penicillin

azithromycin, clarithromycin

semisynthetic; broader spectrum and better tissue penetration than erythromycin

telithromycin

new gen of semisynthetic macrolides; used to cope w resistance to other macrolides

quinupristin and dalfoprisin

alt for treating vancomycin resistant gp bacteria

dalfo blocks early step, quinupristin blocks later step

linezolid

primarily against penicillin resistant gp

mutilin, retpamulin

inhibit gp