Negative Group Membership

These flashcards cover key concepts about negative group membership, social identity issues, and related psychological phenomena.

Out-group homogeneity effect

The tendency to perceive members of an out-group as being more similar to each other compared to members of one's in-group.

Other-race effect (ORE)

Reduced ability to differentiate between faces from races different from one's own, often observed in eyewitness testimony.

Linguistic Intergroup Bias (LIB)

The tendency to use more abstract terms when describing negative behaviors of out-group members and more specific terms for in-group members.

Stereotype threat

The fear that one's performance will confirm a stereotype about one's group, potentially leading to anxiety and impaired performance.

Social identity theory

A theory that explores how group memberships affect self-esteem and behavior, particularly for low-status groups.

Personal/Group Discrimination Discrepancy (PGDD)

The phenomenon where individuals acknowledge discrimination towards their group but deny experiencing it personally.

Disidentification

A coping strategy where individuals create psychological distance from their group to protect self-esteem.

Dissociation

The act of distancing oneself from a stigmatized group, often by concealing group membership.

Social creativity

The process of redefining group membership to emphasize positive attributes, enhancing group self-esteem.

Social competition

The active engagement in intergroup relations aiming at equality or improvement in status for one's group.