sUAS Safety Certification Level 1 Practice Exam

Which components of a remotely piloted aircraft system are found in the ground control station? (Select all that apply.)

Choices:

Radio transmitter/receiver

Payload

Computer

Monitor

Radio transmitter/receiver

Computer

Monitor

 Which of the following operating concepts uses multiple data links to extend the range of an air vehicle?

Choices:

Beyond Line of Sight

Beyond Visual Line of Sight

Line of Sight

Extended Visual Line of Sight

Beyond Line of Sight

Equipment failure and interference by other signals or terrain can cause which of the following?

Choices:
Free Space Path Loss

Lack of Stability

Loss of Link

Reduced Endurance

Loss of Link

True or False. The Ground Data Terminal (GDT) provides communication with airborne systems equipped with a datalink.

True

Which of the following is a Digital Elevation Model representing the Earth’s surface void of vegetation and structures?

Choices:

Digital Surface Model

Digital Terrain Model

Geographic Information System

Orthomosaic Model

Digital Terrain Model

Which of the following control station types is also referred to as a Pilot Control Box (PCB)?

Choices:

Fixed-facility control station

Handheld control station

Laptop control station

Mobile ground control station

Handheld control station

Which of the following is a measure of the amount of electromagnetic radiation leaving the surface (such as the ground or a plant)

Choices:

Emissivity

Irradiance

Radiance

Irradiance

Radiance

Which hardware items are NOT typically found in a ground control station? (Select all that apply)

Choices:
Control interface

Microwave oven

Data storage system

Communication system

Engine instrument panel

Microwave oven

Engine Instrument panel

LiDAR systems use GPS receivers and INS to:

Choices:

Measure distances.

Georeferenced the point cloud data.

Create point clouds.

Emit laser pulses.

Georeferenced the point cloud data.

True or False. GTOW, in the context of UAS regulation, stands for General Takeoff

False

Ground Sample Distance is a measurement of what type of resolution?

Choices:

Radiometric

Spatial

Spectral

Temporal

Spatial

What level of autonomy (LOA) describes a vehicle that can perform tasks under limited conditions and make minor decisions (like avoiding an obstacle) independently without direct human supervision, but the operator is still able and ready to intervene if necessary?

Choices:

LOA 0

LOA 1

LOA 2

LOA 3

LOA 1

Hand, vehicle assisted, and VTOL are all methods of what?

Choices:

Control Station configurations

Launching air vehicles

Monitoring changing weather conditions

Recovering air vehicles

Launching air vehicles

Which of the following is a term for describing the shape of a wing’s cross-section?

Choices:

Airfoil

Boundary Layer

Camber

Chord line

Airfoil

Which element of a Remotely Piloted Aircraft System is responsible for the safety and reliability of the whole system?

Choices:

Command and Control element

Human element

Maintenance element

Regulatory Environment

Human element

 Aviation uses G forces to measure which of the following?

Choices:

Altitude

Attitude

Load

Speed

Load

Which of the following is NOT a role that a control station can serve?

Choices:
Command center with vehicle takeoff and landing control

Enroute command and control facility

Payload control and imagery analysis

Relay for extended visual line of sight data links

Relay for extended visual line of sight data links

Invading people's privacy, smuggling contraband, and carrying weapons or explosives are all ways that a remotely piloted aircraft system can be used for which of the following?

Choices:

Conducting scientific research

Malicious intent

Surveillance

Transportation

Malicious intent

True or False. Obstacles in the transmission path can cause radio frequency interference in telecommunication systems.

True

A display that shows an aircraft’s altitude, attitude, and airspeed is commonly referred to as which of the following?

Choices:

Environmental Display

Multi-Functional Display

Pilot Control Display

Primary Flight Display

Primary Flight Display

Which of the following are typical hardware components of a data link? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Antenna

Modem

Receiver

Transmitter

Antenna

Modem

Receiver

Transmitter

If power and wavelength are equal, which antennas would have the shortest range?

Choices:

Directional

Omni-directional

Parabolic

Yagi

Omni-directional

A ______ is a type of UAS that combines the features of both rotor and fixed-wing systems.

Choices:

Aerostat

Multi-Rotor

Powerlift

Universal

Powerlift

Which sensors are used in an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)? (Select all that apply.)

Choices:

Accelerometers

Barometers

Gyroscopes

Magnetometers

Accelerometers

Gyroscopes

Magnetometers

 Which of the following data links would enable Beyond Line-of-Sight Operations? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Iridium SATCOM

Directional Antennas

Omni-Directional Antennas

Airborne relay

Iridium SATCOM

Airborne relay

True or False. Geometric correction in remote sensing ensures accurate georeferencing, corrects distortion and inaccuracies, and removes unwanted objects from the dataset.

False

Which Remotely Piloted Aircraft System element is responsible for transmitting data between the ground control station and the aircraft?

Choices:

Air Vehicle

Control Station

Data Link

Ground Support element

Data Link

True or False. Clouds are white because of Mie scattering

True

What is the purpose of the control station in RPAS operations?

Choices:

Command and Control, Mission Management, Data Exploitation

Telemetry Analysis, Payload Control, Air Traffic Management

Payload Monitoring, Mission Execution, Data Processing

GPS Navigation, Payload Deployment, Weather Monitoring

Command and Control, Mission Management, Data Exploitation

Control surfaces like ailerons, rudders, and elevators perform which of the following tasks?

Choices:

Maintain a fixed-wing aircraft's stability and maneuverability

Measure various parameters of an air vehicle's Environment

Provide differential power to rotate in all three axes

Regulate the flow of electrons from the Air Data Computer to the Flight Control Computer

Maintain a fixed-wing aircraft's stability and maneuverability

Which of the following refers to the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another due to a change in their speed?

Choices:

Absorption

Diffraction

Reflection

Refraction

Refraction

Which essential function of a control station describes the processing and sharing of mission data and imagery?

Choices:

Command and Control

Data Exploitation

Mission Management

Mission Planning

Data Exploitation

Removing the need to support a human pilot can have which of the following effects on the design process? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Allows for lighter weight aircraft

Reallocates space on the aircraft for fuel or payload

Requires heavier materials for airframe construction

Can simplify the design

Allows for lighter weight aircraft

Reallocates space on the aircraft for fuel or payload

Can simplify the design

True or False. A combustion engine generates thrust by accelerating a stream of air or fluid in the direction opposite to its rotation.

False

Why would radiometric IR be better than isothermal IR for evaluating measurable temperature differences in objects?

Choices:
Radiometric IR uses different types of sensors

Radiometric IR provides absolute temperature measurements

Isothermal IR provides higher-resolution images

Isothermal IR requires cooling for operation

Radiometric IR provides absolute temperature measurements

Which of the following is a measurement of the strength of a signal relative to ambient noise?

Choices:

FSPL

RSSI

SNR

VSWR

SNR

Which resolution is determined by the pixel spacing of the sensor on the Earth's surface?

Choices:

Spectral resolution

Radiometric resolution

Temporal resolution

Spatial resolution

Spatial resolution

True or False. Operational planning is an aspect of staffing and human resource management that is especially important for maintaining operational expertise and proficiency.

False

True or False. Lower-frequency carrier waves can carry more information.

False

What is the common control station employed for small remotely piloted aircraft systems?

Choices:

Laptop control station

Fixed-facility control station

Handheld control station

Mobile ground control station

Handheld control station

Increasing the RPM of all four motors on a quadcopter will induce a climb. What will changing the RPM of two diagonal motors induce?

Choices:

Descent

Pitch

Roll

Yaw

Yaw

What part of a ground control station is also a hardware component of the data link?

Choices:

Air Data Station

Ground Data Terminal

Laptop

Omni-Directional Antenna

Ground Data Terminal

True or False. Thrust is the aerodynamic force created by the propeller.

True

The rapid advancement of UAS technology has slowed the pace of which of the following?

Choices:

Demand for systems

Industry Adoption

Number of UAS companies

Regulations

Regulations

Which component(s) are typically in a ground control station? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Control interface

Power supply

Air data terminal

Display system

Control interface

Power supply

Display system

True or False. A Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) has lower levels of autonomy than an Autonomous Uncrewed Aircraft System.

True

What is the term for the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another due to a change in their speed?

Choices:

Absorption

Distortion

Reflection

Refraction

Refraction

True or False. A rolling shutter captures images line by line.

True

The acronym SAR refers to which of the following active remote sensing payloads that can see through clouds?

Choices:

Synthetic Antenna Relay

Synthetic Aperture Radar

Systematic Airborne Radio

Systematic Airborne Radiography

Synthetic Aperture Radar

How does the way a fixed-wing aircraft induce yaw differently than a multirotor?

Choices:

A fixed-wing moves a rudder into the airstream, whereas a multirotor increases the RPM of two diagonal motors

A fixed-wing moves a rudder into the airstream, whereas a multirotor increases the RPM of all four motors

A fixed-wing moves ailerons into the airstream, whereas a multirotor increases the RPM of all four motors

A fixed-wing moves ailerons into the airstream, whereas a multirotor increases the RPM of two diagonal motors

A fixed-wing moves a rudder into the airstream, whereas a multirotor increases the RPM of two diagonal motors

What type of camera measures heat energy emitted by objects?

Choices:

Infrared

Electro-Optical (EO)

Multispectral

Hyperspectral

Infrared

Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) is a measurement of precision associated with which of the following?

Choices:

Data Link

Data Processing speed

GPS

Imagery

GPS

Which of the following is NOT a Civil Aviation Authority responsible for regulating UAS?

Choices:

EASA

FAA

ASTM

CASA

ASTM

Obstacles within the transmission path of a radio wave cause which of the following?

Choices:

Radio Frequency Interference

Radio Frequency Polarity

Radio Frequency Propagation

Sky Wave Reflection

Radio Frequency interference

True or False. Passive imaging payloads rely on natural energy sources, such as sunlight, to create images.

True

Moving a fixed-wing aircraft’s elevators, a type of control surface, will generate rotation around the lateral axis, also known as which of the following?

Choices:

Lag

Pitch

Roll

Yaw

Pitch

Using directional antennas, implementing encryption, and signal filtering are all techniques that can do which of the following?

Choices:

Create a beyond line-of-sight data link

Improve the reliability of the data link

Minimize free space path loss

To determine the frequency of the transmitted signal

Improve the reliability of the data link

True or False. Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) is limited by the crew's ability to see the air vehicle.

True

Which frequency bands are commonly used in remotely piloted aircraft systems?

Choices:

A-Band, R-Band, F-Band, and SATCOM

M-Band, L-Band, S-Band, and C-Band

S-Band, L-Band, C-Band, and Ku-Band

Z-Band, L-Band, C-Band, and Ka-Band

S-Band, L-Band, C-Band, and Ku-Band

True or False. The sky is blue because of Mie scattering.

False

True or False. Weight and Balance (W&B) impact flight stability and control.

True

The uplink, which describes the portion of the data link that transmits commands and flight plan changes from the ground control station to the air vehicle, is also known as which of the following?

Choices:

Command Link

Data Link

Line of Sight Link

Telemetry Link

Command Link

What makes the piston in a combustion engine move?

Choices:

Controlled explosion

Current regulation

Magnetic field

Osmosis

Controlled explosion

Which of the following is NOT one of the four forces acting upon an aircraft?

Choices:

Gravity

Lift

Drag

Thrust

Gravity

True or False. Multiplexing a signal allows for the simultaneous transmission of several signals, which has the positive side effect of reducing data link interference.

True

True or False. Dead reckoning is different from ground reference navigation in that dead reckoning uses known landmarks to maintain course, whereas ground reference uses direction and speed of travel.

False

Which of the following are categories of the Electromagnetic Spectrum? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Gamma

Infrared

Microwave

X-Ray

Gamma

Infrared

Microwave

X-Ray

What functions can a control station fulfill? (Select all that apply)

Choices:
Command center with vehicle takeoff and landing control

Enroute command and control facility

Forward control or handoff facility

Mission command

Payload control and imagery analysis

Command center with vehicle takeoff and landing control

Enroute command and control facility

Forward control or handoff facility

Mission command

Payload control and imagery analysis

Which of the following are considered malicious uses of an autonomous UAS or RPAS? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Invasion of privacy

Low reliability

Smuggling contraband

Weaponization

Invasion of privacy

Smuggling contraband

Weaponization

True or False. The Human Machine Interface (HMI) in a ground control station is used to control flight and interact with remotely piloted aircraft.

True

True or False. Altitude, Airspace, and real-time video feeds are commonly displayed on a Primary Flight Display (PFD).

False

 True or False. A closed-loop control system adjusts the control output based on the difference between the desired and measured outputs.

True

True or False. Omni-directional antennas transmit and receive data continuously in a 360-degree direction.

True

Which of the following types of infrared payloads capture absolute temperature measurements?

Choices:

Hyperspectral

Isothermal

Multispectral

Radiometric

Radiometric

True or False. The acronym LOA stands for Level of Adaptation.

False

True or False. Electro-optical (EO) payloads use electromagnetic radiation in the visible and infrared spectrum to capture data.

True

True or False. Frequency Modulation involves encoding information into a carrier wave by varying the amplitude, amount of energy carried by the wave.

True

 True or False. The term “telemetry” in reference to RPAS means real-time transmission of data from the air vehicle to the control station.

True

Which of the following describes a human-machine interaction where the human operator receives and monitors data from the air vehicle but has little to no control intervention?

Choices:
In the loop

On the Loop

Out of the Loop

Over the loop

On the Loop

 True or False. A “data link budget” helps telecommunication engineers determine the transmitted signal's frequency.

False

Which of the following has the primary function of automating the air vehicle's flight control?

Choices:

Data link

Flight control computer

Ground control station

Navigation network

Flight control computer

True or False. RPAS payloads can include things like cargo, weather tracking devices, radio transceivers, and sprayers.

True

When are remotely piloted aircraft systems considered a favorable alternative to conventional aircraft? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

When conducting flights that expose human pilots to more dangerous situations

When conducting flights that transport humans between established departure and arrival points

When conducting flights that involve exposure to hazardous environments

When conducting flights with highly repetitive tasks

When conducting flights that expose human pilots to more dangerous situations

When conducting flights that involve exposure to hazardous environments

When conducting flights with highly repetitive tasks

 True or False. A rolling shutter captures images line by line.

True

 Infrared payloads are constructed similarly to RGB electro-optical payloads with which of the following exceptions?

Choices:

The infrared camera must be supercooled

Size of the sensor

The semiconductor material is different

The unfiltered electro-optical sensor captures all the colors of the visible light spectrum

The semiconductor material is different

What avionic sensor combines information from gyroscopes and accelerometers to determine the aircraft’s attitude and angular rate?

Choices:

Flight Control Computer

Global Navigation Satellite System

Inertial Measurement Unit

Pitot Static System

Inertial Measurement Unit

Which of the following can cause signal fading and distortion?

Choices:

Amplification

Baud rate

Multipath propagation

Skywave Reflection

Multipath propagation

True or False. Air density decreases with increasing temperature, causing aircraft performance to increase.

False

 Reduced cruising speed and maneuverability are products of which of the following?

Choices:

Center of Gravity

Equilibrium

Excess Weight

Power Available

Excess Weight

Which of the following is the name for the movement of radio waves from the transmission antenna to the receiver’s antenna?

Choices:
Attenuation

Propagation

Refraction

Scattering

Propagation

 Which of the following are classification systems used for regulating UAS? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Gross Takeoff Weight

Kinetic Energy

Number of powerplants

Size of the air vehicle

Gross Takeoff Weight

Kinetic energy

Number of power plants

Which of the following is NOT a function of a Remotely Piloted Aircraft System data link?

Choices:

Transmitting engine information

Relaying aircraft status information

Transmitting video images

Storing data

Sending telemetry data

Storing data

True or False. Mission management in RPAS operations ensures the safety and efficiency of the entire mission.

True

The Earth's atmosphere, which comprises a variety of gasses like carbon dioxide, ozone, and water vapor, causes which of the following remote sensing effects? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Absorption

Refraction

Scattering

Turbulence

Absorption

Refraction

Scattering

Turbulence

Using lightweight composite materials and airfoils with high aspect ratios will help an aircraft achieve which of the following?

Choices:

Lower Costs

Higher Endurance

Higher Speeds

Increased power consumption

Higher Endurance

LIDAR works similarly to Radar, except it uses which of the following to detect and calculate range?

Choices:

Laminar flow

Laser light

Lexigraphy

Lithotripsy

Laser light

 Which of the following are core components of all remotely piloted aircraft systems? (Select all that apply)

Choices:

Control Station

Support Equipment

Separate Launch and Recovery System

Payload

Control Station

Support Equipment

Payload

Which of the following advantages do directional antennas have over omnidirectional antennas?

Choices:

Directional antennas are less complicated to set up.

Directional antennas have a shorter range than omni antennas.

Directional antennas have a longer range than omni antennas.

Directional antennas transmit and receive data continuously in a 360-degree direction.

Directional antennas have a longer range than omni antennas.

An Autonomous Uncrewed Aircraft System has which of the following features?

Choices:

A directional antenna

A low level of autonomy

An internal ground control station

Requires no human intervention

Requires no human intervention

Which of the following systems does not require human intervention?

Choices:

Air Vehicle

Autonomous UAS

Remotely Piloted Aircraft System

Uncrewed Aircraft System

Autonomous UAS