UW Psych Ch 1 Quiz and Test

Barry states that psychology is the study of mental activity. Candace remarks that psychology is the science of behavior. Which is the correct evaluation of these two statements?

Both statements are correct

Jeremy is studying for his final exam. Lauren has studied psychology and offers him a valuable tip on the best way to study. She correctly says,

As you study, connect the information to something personal.”

Talisa is writing a paper on critical thinking. Which sentence should Talisa include in her paper to define critical thinking?

Critical thinking evaluates information and scientific research to draw reasonable conclusions.

Dr. Alvarez studies how the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis. Dr. Alvarez’s work best exemplifies the ________ domain of psychology.

Biological

The shared beliefs, values, rules, and customs that exist within a group make up a person’s

Culture

Dr. Ethridge is interested in finding out how likely people are to discriminate against a member of an ethnic minority. She designs her experiment to appear to be about fashion, but it actually measures differences in treatment based on race. Which of the following is true regarding the ethical requirements Dr. Ethridge must follow?

She can deceive her participants in this way as long as she reveals the true nature of the study at its conclusion.

If Mike wanted to use the scientific method, he would use all of the following steps EXCEPT

Recalling his personal experiences

Investigators who are interested in studying attitudes and want to gain a lot of information very quickly are likely to use

Self reports

A psychologist whose goal is to determine the strength of the relationship between two variables might conduct a(n) ________ study.

Correlational

A researcher investigated how two different flirtation styles affected the person being flirted with. The researcher evaluated “happiness” in the person being flirted with based on the number of times that person smiled in a 15-minute period. In this research study the number of smiles is

the operational definition of happiness.

Liam conducts research in a kindergarten classroom by observing and coding boys’ and girls’ acts of kindness. After reviewing the results, Liam finds that he likely showed ________ by consistently considering the girls’ behavior to indicate more kindness.

Observer Bias

Dr. Stanley would like to find out whether her study guide helps students perform better on exams. She randomly assigns students to one of two groups: Group 1 receives her study guide and Group 2 receives no study guide. Then, after three weeks, the performance of each student is measured on an exam. What is the dependent variable in this study?

students’ performance on the exam

Common measure of variability

Mean and Standard Deviation

The more time Annie devotes to studying the better she scores on exams. This facts illustrates

Correlation

According to generally accepted standards,a researchers typically conclude that data have statistical significance only if results would occur by chance less than

5/100

You are discussing your psychology class with your aunt. She asks you, “Can psychology really help people study?” You correctly answer,

Yes; psychology provides us with techniques for improving memory and understanding.”

Which of the following is a key learning strategy described in this chapter?

Thinking Deeply

In correlational studies, it is always possible that an unmeasured factor is responsible for the relationship that is observed. This complication is known as

the third variable problem

One major disadvantage of case studies is that

the results cannot be extended to other people or organizations.

The person who established the first psychology laboratory, an event that marked the beginning of experimental psychology, was

Wilhelm Wundt.

Which of the following is true of empirical evidence?

Empirical evidence refers to information that is not influenced by personal feelings.

The purpose of an institutional review board is to

Ensure that proposed research is ethical.

With which two domains of psychology is cognitive neuroscience primarily concerned?

biological and cognitive

Dr. Redbull conducts a study to determine whether her new energy drink helps college students perform better on math tests. She randomly assigns students to one of two groups: Group 1 receives her energy drink and Group 2 receives water. She then gives both groups a math test and compares the results. Which of the following is true about this study?

The independent variable is the type of drink the adolescents receive.

Susannah observes the world around her and measures various aspects of it to gain new knowledge. Susannah is learning about the world by using

empiricism

Which of the following statements best describes how psychology is useful?

Psychological principles are highly applicable to everyday life.

As a part of her research, Vonciel sits at a traffic light and observes drivers’

Observational Study

A researcher believes that presenting possible suspects in a lineup one at a time instead of in a group will lead to more accurate identification of the true suspect. This belief represents a(n)

Hypothesis

Janice wants to use a descriptive research method to study the behavior of children following the birth of a new brother or sister. She could use any of the following EXCEPT a(n)

Experiment

The purpose of psychology is to

Understand and predict human behavior

A researcher who publicly discussed a participant’s responses and named the participant would be guilty of violating the ethical principle of

Confidentiality

A psychologist wants to create two groups that are as similar as possible at the beginning of an experiment. To do this, the psychologist should use

Random Assignment

A set of interconnected ideas that psychologists use to explain prior research findings and make predictions about the future is called a

Theory

The finding that different people view the Müller-Lyer Illusion differently demonstrates how ________ can affect psychological processes.

Culture

When a researcher manipulates a variable to see what effect the manipulation has on another variable, the research design is a(n)

Experiment

Daniel is extremely interested in how people change across the life span. He would probably be most interested in speaking to a ________ psychologist.

Developmental

Why is the first step in critical thinking asking, “Is the source of the claim believable?”

because before you can evaluate a claim, you have to evaluate the source’s credibility and possible motives

Informed consent means that

Participants must be told about a research study and allowed to choose whether they would like to participate.

On a questionnaire, Ximena is asked several questions about her exercise habits. She answers them in a way that casts her in a positive light. This is an example of

Self-Report Bias

A researcher finds a common natural relationship between the amount of time spent on social media and feelings of depression. This finding likely indicates that a(n) _______ study was conducted.

Correlational

If a researcher wants to be able to generalize about a population using data gathered from a sample, it is best to use

a random sample.

Studying psychological processes from the viewpoint of two or more domains can provide richer understanding. For this reason, we say that the domains are

interconnected.

Range and standard deviation are common measures of

Variability

Which is a negative correlation

The less Sara sleeps the more irritable she is

According to genuinely accepted standards

Statistical Significane