The Compensatory Effect of Text-to-Speech Technology on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate

Flashcards created for reviewing the compensatory effects of TTS technology on reading comprehension and reading rate based on the provided study.

What was the primary purpose of the study on TTS technology?

To investigate the compensatory effect of text-to-speech technology on reading comprehension and reading rate in children with reading disability.

What are the two main symptoms assessed in children that might influence the effect of TTS?

Inattention and hyperactivity symptoms.

What tool was used to assess inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in participants?

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

What effect did TTS have on reading rate for both grade groups of participants?

TTS technology had a positive effect on reading rate.

Did ADHD symptoms influence the positive effect of TTS on reading rate?

No, the effect on reading rate was not influenced by ADHD symptoms.

Which grade group showed significant improvement in reading comprehension with TTS?

The younger group (Grades 3-5) showed significant improvement.

What was the relationship between ADHD scores and reading comprehension improvement in the younger group?

A higher score on the SDQ ADHD Scale was associated with less improvement in reading comprehension.

What was the relationship between ADHD scores and reading comprehension improvement in the older group?

A higher score on the SDQ ADHD Scale was associated with greater improvement in reading comprehension.

In which grade group was no significant effect on reading comprehension observed with TTS?

The older group (Grades 6-9) showed no significant effect.

What is the estimated prevalence of reading disability in schoolchildren?

About 5-12% of schoolchildren.

What type of reading difficulties are typically linked to reading disabilities?

Difficulties with written word recognition and phonological processing.

What did intervention programs typically focus on for children with reading disabilities?

Phonics intervention to ameliorate reading accuracy.

What does TTS stand for?

Text-to-Speech.

How does TTS technology work in assisting reading?

It reads digital text aloud using a computer-generated voice.

What was a key finding from the Elkind et al. (1993) study regarding TTS?

70% of middle school children with RD improved their reading comprehension when using TTS.

What methodological factor could explain differences in outcomes among studies on TTS?

The length of the text to be read and the type of TTS technology used.

What aspect of reading rate was identified as a predictor for improvement using TTS?

Unaided reading rate.

What was the perceived preference for TTS among participants?

75% preferred reading with TTS over reading the text themselves.

What was a significant predictor of whether TTS improved participants' performance?

Children’s preference for reading with or without TTS.

What were the two experimental conditions in the study?

Group A listened to a text with TTS while following along; Group B read the text aloud themselves.

What was the main conclusion regarding TTS and reading disabilities?

Using TTS increases reading rate and can improve reading comprehension for many children with reading disabilities.

What does the study suggest about the implementation of TTS technology?

Symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and the child's grade level should be considered when introducing TTS technology.