2.8.B Intelligence measurement

Standford-Binet

widely used, standardized intelligence test that measures cognitive abilities like verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, abstract/visual reasoning, and short-term memory

intelligence quotient

a score from standardized tests measuring cognitive abilities (reasoning, problem-solving) relative to peers

Mental Age

a measure of intelligence test performance that indicates the chronological age of the person who would typically perform at that level

Wechsler-Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

a standardized IQ test developed by David Wechsler to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents

Psychometrics

the scientific field of psychological measurement, focusing on the theory, design, and improvement of tools to measure human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Standarization

the process of establishing uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test to a representative sample to create norms for comparing individual scores.

Normal curve

a symmetrical, bell-shaped graph that represents how a set of scores is distributed, with most scores clustering around the average and fewer scores found at the extremes

Valid

the degree to which a measurement or assessment accurately measures what it is intended to measure.

Content validity

the extent to which a test adequately represents all aspects of the subject matter it's designed to measure

Construct Validity

the extent to which a test accurately measures the theoretical construct it is intended to measure

Predictive validity

how well a test or assessment score accurately forecasts or predicts future performance, behavior, or outcomes

Reliable

the consistency and stability of a measurement tool, meaning it produces the same results if it is used again under the same conditions

Test-Retest Reliablility

the consistency of a test over time, where the same person takes the same test on two different occasions and receives similar scores

Split-Half reliability

a measure of internal consistency in AP Psychology that assesses how consistently a test measures a particular trait by dividing it into two equivalent halves and comparing the scores from each half

Stereotype threat

the psychological phenomenon where individuals, fearing they will confirm a negative stereotype about their social group, perform poorly on a task

Stereotype Lift

the improvement in performance by members of a group that is not targeted by a negative stereotype, especially when a negative stereotype is mentioned about another group