Unit 1: Introduction to Business

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29 Terms

1

Business

A system of interconnected parts that work together to produce goods and services to meet human needs.

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2

System

A set of interconnected parts that work together to achieve a purpose, consisting of inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback.

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3

Inputs

Resources needed to create a product, including physical, financial, and human resources.

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4

Processes

The methods businesses use to combine inputs to produce products, influenced by various factors such as product type and employee skills.

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5

Outputs

The final goods and/or services produced by a business.

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6

Feedback

Information from outputs that can be used to improve processes, including negative and positive feedback loops.

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7

Doughnut Economics Model

A framework for understanding human needs and planetary health, aiming to meet needs while respecting ecological boundaries.

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8

Sustainability

Meeting present needs without compromising future generations, considering impacts on people, planet, and profit.

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9

Human Resources Management

Ensures the business employs the right number of skilled employees and treats them ethically.

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10

Finance and Accounts

Manages the funds necessary for business operations and growth.

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11

Marketing

The process of selling the right product at the right price to the right customers.

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12

Operations

The core activities of a business, including planning production quantities and methods.

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13

Primary Sector

The extraction or production of raw materials from the earth, such as agriculture and mining.

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14

Secondary Sector

Manufacturing and processing raw materials into finished products.

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15

Tertiary Sector

Businesses that provide services rather than goods, such as retail and healthcare.

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16

Quaternary Sector

Services focused on knowledge, including information technology and research.

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17

SWOT Analysis

A tool for analyzing internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats.

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18

STEEPLE Analysis

A framework for considering sociocultural, technological, economic, environmental, political, legal, and ethical factors affecting a business.

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19

Private Sector

Businesses owned and controlled by private individuals or groups, focused on profit generation.

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20

Public Sector

Government-owned entities that provide essential services to the public, funded by taxes.

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21

Sole Trader

An individual who owns and operates a business alone, with unlimited liability.

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22

Partnership

A business owned by two or more individuals, sharing profits and responsibilities.

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23

Limited Liability

A legal structure where owners are not personally liable for business debts beyond their investment.

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24

Social Enterprises

Businesses that prioritize social and environmental goals alongside profit.

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25

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

A business model that incorporates ethical practices and social responsibility into operations.

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26

Stakeholder

Any individual or group that affects or is affected by an organization, classified as internal or external.

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27

Multinational Companies (MNCs)

Companies that operate in multiple countries, impacting local economies and communities.

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28

Internal Growth

Expansion carried out by a business using its own resources, such as hiring or opening new locations.

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29

External Growth

Expansion through partnerships, mergers, or acquisitions with other organizations.

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