4 - Statistical inference

What is hypothesis testing?

A claim about the population that can be tested by drawing a sample from the population

In statistical tests between treatments, do we test for the hypothesis or null hypothesis?

Null hypothesis

What is a t-test used for?

Test for a significant difference between the means of two samples (intervention and control group)

What distribution do we expect in statistics such as means or difference between two groups when the group is >30?

Normal distribution

What is the central limit theorem?

It explains that a sampling distribution of possible sample means is approximately normally distributed, regardless of the shape of the distribution in the population

What must be done to calculate the test statistic?

Calculate SD so we can see how many SD we are from the mean to assess whether we reject or don't reject the null hypothesis

What is ANOVA (analysis of variance) used for?

When comparing 3 or more groups to determine if they are numerically equal

What does a significant p value show in ANOVA?

A significant p value suggests that atleast one group mean is significantly different from the others but which one it is not specified

What is a simple linear regression used for?

Aims to find a linear relationship to describe the correlation between an independent and possibly dependent variable (causation)

What sort of data does linear regression use?

Two quantitive variables