The New Government Begins

Many of the founding fathers were demanding a "_______ of ________" would protect the people from the government.

bill of rights

Not everyone agreed that this bill of rights was necessary because __________ __________ already had written their own.

state constitutions

Which founding father was against the Bill of Rights?

Alexander Hamilton

Which founding father favored the Bill of Rights?

Thomas Jefferson

_________________ supported the Constitution.

Federalists

_________________ opposed the Constitution.

Antifederalists

Federalists wanted a strong _____________ government and weaker state governments.

national/federal

Antifederalists believed that the Constitution made the national government too strong and ___________ too weak.

states

Federalists believed in the need for a strong ___________ branch.

executive

Antifederalists thought that the ______________ had too much power.

President

This gentleman was often called "the Father of the Constitution..."

James Madison

The first _________ amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights. They were approved in 1791 by Congress and the states.

ten (10)

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment I (1): Freedom of RAPPS (_______________, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech)

Religion

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment II (2): Right to bear ___________

arms

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment III (3): No _______________ of soldiers

quartering

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment IV (4): No unreasonable ___________ & seizures

search

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment V (5): Rights of the __________: due process
(Miranda warning, prohibits self-incrimination, grand jury hearing, no double jeopardy)

accused

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment VI (6): Criminal trial rights: fair and speedy public ________ by an impartial jury
(reluctant witnesses can be court-ordered; right to an attorney (lawyer))

trial

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment VII (7): Civil trial rights: right to a trial by __________.

jury

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment VIII (8): No excessive bail/fines; no cruel or unusual _______________.

punishment

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment IX (9): Powers reserved to the ____________.
(We have more rights than just those listed in the 1st 10 amendments).

people

The Bill of Rights:
-Amendment X (10): Powers reserved to the ___________.
(All powers not specifically designated (assigned) to the federal government go either to the states or the people.)

states

When Alexandar Hamilton became ____________ of the ____________, the United States was in debt.

Secretary of the Treasury

The money owed to foreign nations (Spain or France) is called _________ ___________.

foreign debt

The money owed to American citizens is called ____________ ____________.

domestic debt

The United States had ___________________ money from its citizens in order to pay for the Revolutionary War through the sale of bonds.

borrowed

Many citizens thought that the __________________ would never be able to pay back their debt, so they sold their bonds to speculators at a loss.

government

In Hamilton's Economic Plan, all federal and state ____________ were to be paid back.

bonds

In Hamilton's Economic Plan, all state and federal debts were to be combined into one huge ____________ ___________.

national debt

________________ such as James Madison hated Hamilton's Economic Plan.

-most Southern states had already paid their debts

-most speculators, who became rich, lived in the North

Southerners

Through Hamilton's Compromise, the South agreed to allow the federal government to take over the debts of the ____________ states.

northern

Through Hamilton's Compromise, the North agreed to move the __________ of the United States to the South (Washington D.C.)

capital

The first two political parties in the United States were the Federalists and the ___________ - ____________.

Democratic-Republicans

Alexander Hamilton --> member of the Federalists Party

-He believed that the federal government should have more ______________ than the states

-He was pro-British

power

Alexander Hamilton --> member of and led the Federalists Party
-He believed in a loose _____________ of the Constitution.
-Favored trade, manufacturing, and cities

interpretation

___________________ _________________ was a member of and led the Democratic-Republicans.

-Was pro-French/immigrant

-Favored farmers and rural communities

-Believed that states should have more power than the federal government (state's rights)

Thomas Jefferson

Democratic-Republicans believed in a __________ interpretation of the Constitution.

strict

Federalists (Alexander Hamilton) ______________ the national bank and protective tariffs.

favored

Democratic-Republicans (Thomas Jefferson) ______________ the national bank and protective tariffs.

opposed

Louisiana had been Spanish-owned since 1763 and through a private treaty, __________ had gained ownership.

France

In 1801, Toussaint L'Ouverture led black slaves in a revolt in _____________ against the French. As a result, ________ became an independent nation in 1804.

Haiti

In 1803, French leader, _____________ _____________ sold all of Louisiana to the United States for $15 million (3 cents an acre). France needed money since it was on the brink of war with Great Britain.

Napoleon Bonaparte

The Louisiana Purchase (1803) _____________ the size of the United States!

doubled

Jefferson commissioned Meriwether ___________ and William __________ to explore the new area gained through the Louisiana Purchase.

Lewis, Clark

The group led by Lewis and Clark was known as the _________ of __________.

Corps of Discovery

_______________, a Shoshone woman, served as the guide and interpreter for the Corps of Discovery (Lewis & Clark).

Sacagawea

The Lewis and Clark Expedition started in _______ __________, Missouri and then traveled up the Missouri River in a keel boat.

St. Louis

The jobs of Lewis & Clark/Corps of Discovery were to:
-inform Indians that the United States now claimed the land
-map an all-water route to the __________ ____________ (NW Passage)
-document new plants and animals

Pacific Ocean

The Corps of Discovery documented close to ___________ plant and animal species. They also came in contact with many Native American tribes.

200

The ________________ _______________ is where all waters travel either east to the Atlantic Ocean or west to the Pacific Ocean. The Corps of Discovery traveled up the Missouri River to its source on the __________ _________.

Continental Divide

While the Corps of Discovery encamped on the West Coast, they held the first _________ of Americans west of the Mississippi River. In that vote, York (the slave), Sacagawea, and all the men voted as equals (universal suffrage).

vote

Effect of Lewis & Clark's Expedition:

The Corps of Discovery would have __________ if not for the help of many Native Americans, especially Sacagawea.

failed

Effect of Lewis & Clark's Expedition:

The Corps of Discovery opened up the West to ____________. This had horrible effects on the Native population!

settlement

Effect of Lewis & Clark's Expedition:

The Corps of Discovery's goal was to inform the Natives of the Louisiana Purchase and try to open up ____________. The result was the future deaths of the Native American tribes and conquests.

trade

Effects of Lewis & Clark's Expedition:

Lewis and Clark did not find an all-water route across the _______________.

However, they did:

-map the unknown West

-document new plants and animals

-open the West to white settlement

continent