Unit 4 Ocular Anatomy

Prokaryotes

Bacteria

Eukaryotes

Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths & parasites

Bacteria Shape Classification

Cocci & Bacilli

Cocci Structure

Spherical, Irregular clusters & Chains

Bacilli structure

Rod Shaped

Aerobe

Needs Oxygen

Anerobe

does not need oxygen

Gram positive

Purple

Gram Negative

Pink/Red

Gram Positive Cocci

Staphylococcus Aureus & Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Gram Negative Cocci

Neisseria Species

Staphylococcus Aureus

Causes Blepharitis & Meibomitis

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Causes Dacrocystitis

Neisseria Species

Neonatal Conjunctivitis

Gram Positive Bacili

Propionibacterium acne & Clostridium Botulism

Gram Negative Bacili

Hemophilus Influenza & Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Hemophilus Influenza

Orbital Cellulitis

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Watery Environment & contact lens wearer

DNA & RNA surrounded by

Protein Coal

Virus cells must infect

host cells to reproduce

Viruses

Molluscum, Herpes simplex & Herpes Zoster

Molluscum

Viral Warts

Herpes Simplex

Dendritic Ulcers

Herpes Zoster

Hutchison sign, Shingles, Blister on nose & Ocular Involvement

Adenovirus

Conjunctivitis

Fungus Causes

Mycoses

Fungus

Fusarium, Aspergillus & Candida

Fusarium, Aspergillus & Candida

Keratitis & Corneal Ulcer

Risk Factors of Fungus

Injury from plant material, Immunocompromised & Contact lens wear

Protozoa

Acanthamoeba & Toxoplasma gondii

Acanthamoeba

serious corneal infection

Toxoplasma Gondii

Ocular toxoplasmosis & Intestinal tracts of cats & Pregnant/immunocompromised

Fungi Identification

Sabouraud’s Agar, Inhibitors Mould Agar & Calcofluor white stain

Thayer Martin & Chocolate Agar

Neisseria

Thioglycolate

Aerobic & Anerobic

Cleaning Gram staining Step 1

Stain with crystal violet

Cleaning gram staining step 2

Treat with iodine

Cleaning gram staining step 3

Treat with decolourizing alcohol

Cleaning Gram step 4

Add red counter stain

Iodine

Mordant

Decolorizer

Alcohol