Social Learning and Cognitive Theories

These flashcards cover key concepts from Social Learning and Cognitive Theories, including important theories by Bandura and Julian Rotter, and their implications for behavior and self-efficacy.

What is Bandura’s concept of human behavior?

Bandura argues that people are self-organising, proactive, self-reflective, and self-regulating, rather than just reactive organisms shaped by external events.

What does Bandura's triadic reciprocal determination involve?

It involves the interaction of personal factors, environmental factors, and behavioral factors.

What is observational learning according to Bandura?

Observational learning occurs as a consequence of watching the behavior of another person, and individuals are more likely to imitate models who are similar to them or who gain valued outcomes.

What effect do self-efficacy beliefs have on overcoming obstacles?

High self-efficacy beliefs lead to persistence, high expectations, and the ability to approach challenges, while low self-efficacy leads to giving up easily and avoiding challenges.

What characterizes individuals with weak self-efficacy?

They shy away from difficult tasks, have low aspirations, maintain a self-diagnostic focus, attribute failures to personal deficiencies, and are prone to stress.

How do individuals with strong self-efficacy behave in the face of challenges?

They set challenging goals, attribute failures to insufficient effort, recover quickly from setbacks, and display resilience against stress.

What does Julian Rotter's concept of Locus of Control refer to?

It refers to the belief about whether outcomes of actions are determined by personal control (internal) or by events outside one's control (external).

What are the outcomes associated with an internal locus of control?

Outcomes are believed to be determined by one's hard work, attributes, or decisions.

What are the outcomes associated with an external locus of control?

Outcomes are believed to be determined by fate and are independent of one’s efforts or decisions.