contouring/volumizing

What are the five types of tapotement?

Tapping, slapping, beating, hacking, and cupping.

Which tapotement techniques are commonly used on the face?

Tapping, slapping, and sometimes cupping.

What does tapping do during a facial?

Stimulates the epidermis, warms the skin, and helps drive products in.

What does cupping do during a facial massage?

Massages and tones skin, stimulates the dermal layer, and boosts collagen production.

How does slapping benefit the skin?

Light pressure lifts the skin and tones facial muscles.

What does lymphatic drainage help with?

Reduces puffiness, toxicity, acne, congestion, dullness, and signs of aging.

What must you check before performing lymphatic drainage?

Check for swollen lymph nodes.

What are contraindications for lymphatic drainage?

Acute infections, malignant tumors, heart conditions, kidney/liver issues, blood clots, recent surgery, pregnancy, thyroid issues, fluid-balance medications, and radiation treatment.

What do acupressure facials help achieve?

Relaxation, improved circulation, balanced energy, and better skin concerns.

What are benefits of acupressure facials?

Improved elasticity, better muscle tone, reduced dark circles, reduced undereye bags.

What does Gua Sha help with?

Boosts circulation, improves lymphatic drainage, reduces puffiness, eases muscle tension.

How does a Gua Sha tool work?

Uses scraping and pressing movements to sculpt the face.

What do cold globes help reduce?

Puffiness, inflammation, redness, and pore size.

What additional benefits do cold globes offer?

Soothe sunburns and relieve tension headaches.

What does the frontalis muscle do?

Raises eyebrows and creates forehead wrinkles.

What does the zygomaticus muscle control?

Smiling — lifts the mouth upward and outward.

What does SCM stand for

Sternocleidomastoid

What does the SCM muscle assist with?

Neck movement, posture, and breathing.

What are the temporal bones responsible for?

Hearing and balance.

What does the frontal bone form?

The forehead and part of the eye sockets.

What does the mandible do?

Forms the lower jaw and provides major facial structure.

Who can legally administer Botox in Canada?

Physicians, dermatologists, plastic surgeons, RNs, NPs, and dentists (oral/perioral only).

What does blue LED light treat?

Acne-causing bacteria, inflammation, and excess oil.

What does yellow LED light target?

Hyperpigmentation by inhibiting tyrosinase.

What does red LED light stimulate?

Collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid production.

What does the suction machine help remove?

Dirt and debris from pores.

What skin improvements does suction therapy offer?

Tones skin, aids detoxification, boosts blood & lymph circulation.

What aging-related benefits does suction provide?

Decreases puffiness, swelling, and may reduce fine lines and wrinkles.

What does microcurrent therapy do?

Tones facial muscles, boosts collagen, and tightens skin appearance.

What is Botox?

A neurotoxin made by Clostridium botulinum.

How does Botox work?

Blocks nerve signals → prevents muscle contraction → reduces wrinkles.

How long do Botox results last?

3–6 months.

What cosmetic areas can Botox treat?

Forehead lines, frown lines, crow’s feet, chin, jawline, gummy smile, neck bands.

What medical conditions can Botox treat?

Muscle spasms, migraines, hyperhidrosis, overactive bladder.

Is Botox a permanent treatment?

No — it requires ongoing maintenance.

What are dermal fillers?

Gel-like injectable substances used to restore volume and smooth wrinkles.

What areas can fillers be used for?

Lips, cheeks, marionette lines, nasolabial folds, under-eye hollows.

How can fillers enhance facial structure?

Sculpt jawline, enhance cheekbones, correct contours.

What are key benefits of dermal fillers?

Anti-aging effects, added volume, improved texture, minimal downtime.

What is an Oxygen (O2) Facial?

Non-invasive treatment delivering high-pressure oxygen + serums to the skin.

Benefits of Oxygen (O2) Facial

Hydrates, brightens, improves blood circulation, promotes collagen production, plumps fine lines and wrinkles, increases cell turnover

Why is water important in an Oxygen Facial?

Hydration improves product absorption

Common ingredients used in Oxygen Facials

Hyaluronic acid (hydration) and Vitamin C & E (brightening, antioxidant)

Combination modalities for Oxygen Facials

Exfoliation + infusion + LED light therapy = enhanced results

How long do dermal fillers last?

Results last a few months to a year or more (not permanent)

Facial bones/muscles

SCM, temporalis, zygomaticus, frontalis, mandible, frontal bone

Muscles

SCM, zygomaticus, frontalis

Bones

temporal, mandible, frontal bone