Intro To Psychology-Chapter 4

Luigi was up very late studying for his exams. Even though he was awake, he occasionally found that he didn't know how he got to the next page of the book, or couldn't remember what he had just read. Luigi is likely experiencing _____.

microsleep

3 multiple choice options

Joachim, who lives in the dorms, does not get much sleep on the weekends. To compensate, he tries to get at least one or two good nights of sleep during the week. Since moving to the dorms he has gotten several bad colds. Joachim is sure the colds are due to all the people he is around. Why would additional sleep on a regular basis help Joachim with his repeated colds?

sleep increases immunity to disease

3 multiple choice options

In which way does sleep help to keep the mind alert?

sleep increases sensitivity to norepinephrine

3 multiple choice options

Which one of the following regulates processes, such as core body temperature, alertness, and hormone productions, in a human being?

circadian rhythm

3 multiple choice options

Every day Xiao wakes up at the same time without the use of an alarm clock. She finds it difficult to stay up much past her usual bedtime, even for parties and social events. What is Xiao's strong internal clock attributed to?

suprachiasmatic nucleus

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is likely to occur when a body suffers from jet lag?

impaired thinking and health

3 multiple choice options

In which stage of non-REM sleep do sleep spindles form, muscle tension and heart rate decrease, and it becomes clear that a person is asleep?

stage ii

3 multiple choice options

According to Sigmund Freud, what do dreams represent?

unconscious desires

3 multiple choice options

According to Freud, which part of dreams are remembered when awake?

manifest content

3 multiple choice options

Which dream theory suggests that dreams represent experiences from waking life and continue over to dreaming life in an effort to emotionally process and cope with these issues?

continuity hypothesis

3 multiple choice options

Which one of the following is often used by researchers and psychologist to create a state of heightened suggestibility in others?

hypnosis

3 multiple choice options

Dharma attends a weekly tai chi class and while holding each pose, she focuses her attention on her body sensations. This helps her to be present and at peace during her otherwise hectic week. Which of the following does Dharma practice?

meditation

3 multiple choice options

Shantel is taking a class to better understand meditation. In her first class, students were asked to sit on the floor in a circle and close their eyes. Shantel was instructed to think about how the floor felt, how cool it was on her skin, and how hard her muscles felt as she sat. What did Shantel's instructor have her experience on the first day of class?

mindful meditation

3 multiple choice options

Tariq does not believe that hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness, instead he believes that some people are simply more willing to respond to suggestions. Which view of hypnosis does Tariq believe?

response set theory

3 multiple choice options

Dharma has been taking classes in mindful meditation to reduce her stress and anxiety. Which one of the following is the most likely outcome to her work in these classes?

the parts of the brain that regulate attention and emotion will be engaged

3 multiple choice options

There are many different types of mindfulness methods, including yoga, meditation, and Tai Chi. While each focus on different methodologies, what do all of them have in common?

focusing the mind on the present moment

3 multiple choice options

Hypnosis has been used to recover memories; however, these memories are not always accurate. Why are recovered memories often viewed with skepticism?

those under hypnosis recall events that did not occur as often as they recall events that did

3 multiple choice options

Which one of the following conditions are likely to be helped by hypnosis?

post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd)

3 multiple choice options

A substance that influences the brain, and thereby a person's behavior, is _____.

psychoactive

3 multiple choice options

Jacque started drinking beer when he was a teenager. At first, he would feel the effects after one or two beers, but now, in his late 20s, he can drink more without feeling those same effects. Why does Jacque need to drink more to produce the same effects he felt as a teen?

tolerance

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following describes the difference between a safe dose and a potentially harmful dose?

margin of safety

3 multiple choice options

Frank has been smoking since he was a teenager. Even today, he goes outside during work hours to smoke, regardless of the weather. He knows he has missed work opportunities because of this habit and has faced some social disapproval. In fact, he left his daughter's wedding reception to have a cigarette and missed the father-daughter dance. Frank's inability to control his smoking is an indication of

substance use disorder

3 multiple choice options

How do psychoactive drugs work in altering a normal state of functioning?

they interfere with the nervous system by mimicking neurotransmitters

3 multiple choice options

A large pharmaceutical company was conducting research on the effects of a potentially new drug. In a controlled experiment, some participants were given the real drug, and others were given a placebo, a dose of what they thought was the real drug. Many who were given the placebo exhibited the same behaviors and results of those given the real drug. What psychological factor would account for the behaviors of those given the placebo to be similar to those who were given the real drug?

cognition

3 multiple choice options

Korsakoff's syndrome is a memory disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin B. Which one of the following is attributed to the development of Korsakoff's syndrome?

chronic alcohol use

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is used to treat pain by mimicking pain inhibiting neurotransmitters in the body?

opiates

3 multiple choice options

When a person loses touch with reality and experiences hallucinations and delusions, they are experiencing which one of the following?

psychosis

3 multiple choice options

Which one of the following best describes how depressants work?

slows down normal neural functioning

3 multiple choice options