Lab 4- Fungi

Unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes

Fungi (unicellular or multicellular/ prokaryotic or eukaryotic)

Chitin, mannas, glucans

Fungi cell wall composition

Hyphae (multicellular) and yeast (unicellular)

Forms of fungi

Sexual and asexual

Fungi (Reproduction)

Fungi

Absorptive chemoheterotrophs

Phylum Zygomycota

• Bread molds, pin molds, sugar molds

• Aseptate (coenocytic) hyphae

• Asexual spore: Sporangia

• Sexual spore: Zygospore

Phylum Ascomycota

• Cup fungi, plant pathogens, molds, powdery mildews, yest, morels, truffles

• Hyphae form” Septate with pores

• Sexual spore form: Ascospores (8 per ascus)

• Asexual spore form: Conidiospores

Ascus

• Mature asci

• 8 spores per sheath

• Typical of apothecium (cupped fruiting bodies)

Conidiospores

• Common mold and source of penicillin

• Beaded strands at the end of septate hyphae of microconidia

Blastospores

• Common yeast used in cooking

• Colonies resemble bacteria

• Can bud or make psuedo-hyphae that produce chlamydospores

• Opportunistic infections: Thrush, vaginal “yeast” infections

Arthospore

• Make spores in chains that break off on contact

• Pathogen in the desert regions that causes San Joaquin Valley Fever

• Some infection can leave lungs and migrate into heart and brain, causing damage as fungi grows through tissue

Dermatophytes

• Trichophyton sp. (Skin,hair,nails)(Asexual spore= Arthrospores)

• Microsporum sp. (Hair or skin) (Asexual spore= Conidiospores)

  • Epidermophyton sp. (Skin or nails) (Asexual spore=Conidiospores)

Phylum Basidiomycota

• Mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi

• Septate hyphae without pores

• Basidiocarp- fruiting body

• Sexual reproduction: basidiospores

• No asexual spores