Turner Midterm Vocab

Deadly disease that spread across Europe & Asia in the mid-14th century, killing millions of people

Bubonic plague

Printing blocks that did not have to be made one by one but could be moved into new positions and reused

Moveable type

Pictures showing scenery or landforms

Landscapes

In Germany, Martin Luther began a movement for religious change called the

Reformation

Any Christian, non-catholic, religion is referred to as

Protestant

The Ottoman Empire began when a successful Muslim warrior, or _____ , built a small state in Anatolia

Ghazi

When ______ conquered Constantinople, he opened the city to new citizens of many religions and backgrounds

Mehmed II

The peak achievement of the ottoman empire occurred under the rule of

Suleyman

_____ was the capital city of the Safavid empire

Esfahan

____ was a Muslim Mughal leader who defended religious freedom and blended many cultures

Akbar

In china, the great ________ began when ______ led a rebel army to victory over the mongols

Ming Dynasty; Hongwu

The Muslim admiral, ______ was sent on journeys of exploration

Zheng He

__________ led a voyage around Africa, to India, and back to Portugal

Vasco da Gama

__________ first led a voyage to reach the southern tip of Africa

Bartolomeu Dias

Poetry that presents images is known as

Haiku

The first permanent colony to be established in what is now the United States was at

Jamestown

The empire established by France in America was called

New France

___________ was the buying and selling of Africans to work in the americas

The African Slave Trade

_____ is an economic system that encourages people to make a profit

Capitalism

______ is an economic policy that said a country’s power depended mainly on its wealth

Mercantilism

____________ was fought from 1642 to 1649

The English Civil War

__________ who supported Parliament were led by _______

The Puritains; Oliver Cromwell

When ______ took the thrown, the _______ began

Charles II; Restoration

The bloodless overthrow of ________ is known as the ________

James II; Glorious Revolution

The leader who westernised Russia was ______

Peter the Great

Many thinkers contributed to the significant changes in scientific thinking known as the

Scientific Revolution

In astronomy, the idea that the earth revolved around the sun became known as the _________

Heliocentric Theory

Nicholas Copemicus theory refuted the earth-centered view of the universe known as the _______

Geocentric Theory

___________ was a great pioneer in science who described the Law of Gravity

Isaac Newton

The author of the _______ of ______ is _____________

Declaration of Independence; Thomas Jefferson

Humanism

Focus on human potential and achievements

Secular

Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

Calvinism

Body of religious teachings based on the ideas of John Calvin

Utopia

Imaginary land described in a book by Thomas Moore; this word now means an ideal place

Patrons

People who financially supported artists

Alliances

Partnerships

Figurehead

Ruler without real power

Islam

Religion that developed in Arabia in the 7th century

Persecuted

Caused to suffer because of beliefs

Corrupt

Having a few or no moral values

Irrigation

Method of bringing water to crops

Diplomacy

Work of keeping relations between nations

Navigation

Finding one’s way at sea

Caravel

Strong sailing ship designed in the 1400’s

Traditional

Based on what has been done in the past

Colony

A land controlled by another nation

Descendants

People who are offspring or ancestors of one family group

Plantations

Large farms usually devoted to a single crop

Imported

Brought into one country from another

Rebellions

Uprisings against the current government

Absolutism

Condition that occurs when has absolute, or total, power

Ally

State associated with another state because it has signed a treaty or formed an alliance

Religious Tolernace

Acceptance of more than one set of religious beliefs

Succession

Order in which people follow one another to the throne

Treason

Action to betray or overthrow the government

Boycott

Organised refusal to buy a certain product or participate in a certain action

Hypothesis

Attempt to answer a question that needs to be proven or disproven

Reformed

Changed for the better

Repeal

Take back a law