EARTHSCI LESSON 2: MODERN ASTRONOMY

MODERN ASTRONOMY

THIS WAS DEVELOPED FROM RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL IDEAS OF THE GREAT SCIENTISTS

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

ADOPTED THE SCIENTIFIC THEORY OF HELIOCENTRISM, STATING THAT THE MOTIONS OF CELESTIAL OBJECTS CAN BE EXPLAINED WITHOUT PUTTING EARTH AT REST IN THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

FEBRUARY 19, 1473 - MAY 24, 1543

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

BORN IN TORUN, POLAND

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

COMMENTARIOLUS - LITTLE COMMENTARY

TYCHO BRAHE

EXPRESSED THE IDEA OF STELLAR PARALLAX

STELLAR PARALLAX

IDEA THAT NEARBY STARS SHOULD LOOK LIKE THEY MOVE A LITTLE WHEN WE LOOK AT THEM FROM DIFFERENT PLACES

TYCHO BRAHE

DECEMBER 14, 1546 - OCTOBER 24, 1601

TYCHO BRAHE

KNUDSTRUP, DENMARK

TYCHO BRAHE

MOST ACCURATE NAKED-EYE. ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS IN HISTORY

TYCHO BRAHE

PROVED THAT COMETS AND SUPERNOVAS ARE CELESTIAL BODIES

TYCHO BRAHE

TYCHONIC MODEL OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM

CELESTIAL BODY

ANYTHING NATURAL THAT EXISTS IN SPACE

COMET

BALL OF ICE, ROCK, AND DUST THAT TRAVELS THROUGH SPACE

SUPERNOVA

EXPLOSION OF A STAR

TYCHONIC MODEL

COMBINATION OF GEOCENTRIC AND HELIOCENTRIC MODEL. IT STATES THAT EARTH IS THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE, THE SUN AND MOON ORBITS THE EART, AND ALL THE OTHER PLANETS ORBIT THE SUN

TYCHO BRAHE

BUILT URANIBORG AND STJERNEBORG

TYCHO BRAHE

HIS NOSE WAS CUT OFF AND A PROSTHETIC WAS MADE

JOHANNES KEPLER

DECEMBER 27, 1571 - NOVEMBER 15, 1630

JOHANNES KEPLER

WEIL DER STADT, GERMANY

JOHANNES KEPLER

DERIVED THE 3 BASIC LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION

LAW OF ELLIPSES

THE PATH OF THE PLANETS ABOUT THE SUN IS ELLIPTICAL SHAPE, WITH THE CENTER OF THE SUN BEING LOCATED OF ONE FOCUS

THE LAW OF EQUAL AREAS

AN IMAGINARY LINE DRAWN FROM THE CENTER OF THE SUN TO THE CENTER OF THE PLANET WILL SWEEP OUT EQUAL AREAS IN EQUAL INTERVALS OF TIME

LAW OF HARMONIES

THE RATIO OF THE SQUARES OF THE PERIODS OF ANY TWO PLANETS IS EQUAL TO THE RATIO OF THE CUBES OF THEIR AVERAGE DISTANCES FROM THE SUN

JOHANNES KEPLER

DISCOVERED AN EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE WITH SATURN’S VERTICES NEARBY TOUCHING IT’S ORBIT, AND JUPITER’S TANGENT TO THE TRIANGLES

JOHANNES KEPLER

PUBLISHED MYSTERIUM COSMOGRAPHICUM, PROPOSING A GEOMETRIC SYSTEM INVOLVING 6 NESTED SPEHERES AND ONE OF THE 5 PLATONIC SOLIDS, REPRESENTING PLANETARY ORBITS

KEPLER’S 3 LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION

SUGGESTS THAT THE SOLAR SYSTEM CONSISTS OF 6 PLANETS ORBITING THE SUN

1618

DISCOVERED KEPLER’S 3 LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION IN ____, WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO ANY OBJECT ORBITING ANOTHER

0.093

THE ORBITS VISIBLE PLANETS ARE ALL SMALL, WITH MARS HAVING THE LARGEST ECCENTRICITY OF _____, MAKING NEARLY CIRCULAR

JOHANNES KEPLER

T2 / R3 = K

GELLILEO GALILEI

FEBRUARY 15, 1564 - JANUARY 8, 1642

GELLILEO GALILEI

PISA, ITALY

GALLILEO. GALILEI

GREATED CONTRIBUTION WAS HIS FIRST DESCRIPTION OF THE MOVING OBJECTS

GALILEO GALILEI

FIRST TO USE A TELESCOPE IN ASTRONOMY

GALLILEO GALILEI

BUILT HIS OWN TELESCOPE AND OBSERVED VENUS, DISPROVING THE PTOLEMEIC THEORY

GALLILEO GALILEI

OBSERVED SUN SPOTS AND DISCOVERED THE SUN WAS SPHERICAL AND ROTATED

ISAAC NEWTON

JANUARY 4, 1643 - MARCH 31, 1727

ISAAC NEWTON

WOOLSTHORPE, LINCOLNSHIRE, ENGLAND

ISAAC NEWTON

CONCEPTUALIZED THE FORCE OF GRAVITY

ISAAC NEWTON

MADE THEORIES OF GRAVITY AND IT’S EFFECTS ON ASTRONOMICAL OBJECTS

ISAAC NEWTON

HE FIRST LEARNED ABOUT GRAVITY BY THE FAMOUS FALLING APPLE

ISAAC NEWTON

MADE A STRONG THEORY OF HELIOCENTRISM, WHICH HE NEVER DOUBTED