Intercultural Communications TEST 1

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, why is the influence of culture on human interaction paradoxical?

We are unaware of culture even though it influences every thought and action.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this concept stresses the normative obligations of conformity for participants to group standards.

Collectivism

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, research suggests that the most relevant feature of individualism was value placed on what?

Personal independence

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, what type of cultures have heterogeneous populations and economies based on occupational specialization, where individuals do different jobs. Generally, these types of cultures emerge where people are separated from one another either geographically or through migration patterns.

Complex.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, in this type of transaction, the verbal code is the primary source of information. ______ cultures generally rely on elaborated codes. Unlike users of restricted codes, users of elaborated codes rely extensively on the verbal code system for creating and interpreting meaning. People in this type of culture tend to use direct, explicit messages.

Low context.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, "the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally." What is being defined?

Power distance.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this is the degree to which cultural members feel threatened by uncertain or unknown situations.

Uncertainty avoidance

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, with respect to Schwartz's discussion of cultural values, what is hedonism?

A need for pleasure.

According to Professor Ortega y Gasset in his text on the Bacchanal, of what kind of significance is wine?

Cosmic

What is the more expressive name Ortega y Gasset gives to Titian's Bacchanal?

The triumph of the moment.

Professor Ortega y Gasset's discussion of the Bacchanal: what figures are not present in Pousson's picture?

Humans

What do the Gods represent in Professor Ortega y Gasset's discussion of the Bacchanal?

The best in our own selves.

According to Professor Ortega y Gasset's discussion of the Bacchanal, how does Velazquez paint in relation to the gods?

There are no gods.

____________, the most exuberant: impetuosity, love of the countryside and of animals, the profound brotherhood of all living things, the joy that fantasy offers to wretched humanity.

a. Aphrodite.

Bachus

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, this concept asserts that microcultural group members' speech and writing are not valued by the dominant cultural group. Microcultural groups may experience difficulty expressing themselves fluently within the dominant modes of expression. Power dimensions manifest themselves in language and prevent free and equal modes of discourse.

Muted group theory.

According to data by the Pew Research Center, with about 62 million people (or about 1 in 5 Americans), what is the largest non-white microculture in the United States?

Hispanic American

According to data in the journal Public Health Reviews, Hispanics are how many times more likely to not have finished high school than non-Hispanic whites?

4 times.

According to your text Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach, when did Black people first arrive in America?

With the original European explorers (1619).

____________ took effect after the Civil War (1865) denied black people the right to vote, prevented them from holding jobs, acquiring an education or other opportunities. Those who attempted to defy _______ often faced arrest, fines, jail sentences, violence and death.

Jim Crow Laws

According to recent Census data, since 2000 how much has the American Black population increased.

30%

According to recent census data, what is the median age of Black Americans?

33 years old.

The compilation of hate crime data, published by the Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism, revealed that anti-Asian hate crime increased by _____ percent last year (2021) compared to the year before, with New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles and other cities surpassing their record

Over 300%

In a Gallup poll in 2020, 5.6 percent of U.S. respondents overall identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer, while ________ percent of those in Generation Z (birthday 1997-2012) reported being LGBTQ.

16%

What percentage of attempted book bans were either written by LGBTQ authors or maintained LGBTQ themes?

45%

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion on Glass from Technics and Civilization, The development of glass changed the aspect of _____, particularly in regions with long winters and cloudy days. At first it was such a precious commodity that the glass panes were removable and were put in a safe place when the occupants left the house for any time.

Indoor life.

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion on Glass from Technics and Civilization, glass helped put the world in a ______: it made it possible to see certain elements of reality more clearly: and it focused attention on a sharply defined field - namely, that which was bounded by the ______.

Frame.

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion on Glass from Technics and Civilization, when was the telescope discovered?

1605

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion on Glass from Technics and Civilization, when were bacteria discovered?

17th century

According to Lewis Mumford in his discussion on Glass from Technics and Civilization, so, both by what it is and by what it does, glass is favorable to _____: the clean window, the scoured floor, the shiny utensils, are characteristic of the eotechnic household; and the plentiful supply of water, through the introduction of canals and pumping works with water pipes for circulation throughout the city, only made the process easier and more universal.

Hygiene.

If the outward world was changed by glass, the inner world was likewise modified. Glass had a profound effect upon the development of the _________, it helped to alter the very concept of the self

Personality

According to Professor Diamond in Guns, Germs and Steel, what is the most single important invention of the last several thousand years?

The alphabet.

According to Professor Diamond in Guns in Germs and Steel, perhaps the most important single step in the whole history of writing was the Sumerian __________.

Introduction of phonetic representation.

According to Professor Diamond in Guns, Germs and Steel, what are the major killers throughout history?

Germs.

According to Professor Diamond in Guns, Germs and Steel, what is not one of the factors involved in the adoption of a technology?

The primacy of individual genius.

According to Professor Diamond, what part of the body evolved to create the great leap forward about 100,000 years ago that radically transformed our social evolution?

Transformations in the voice box

Knowledge brings __________. Hence writing brings _________ to modern societies, by making it possible to transmit knowledge with far greater accuracy and in far greater quantity and detail, from more distant lands and more remote times.

Power.

When was the wheel invented and put into practice, according to Professor Diamond?

About 3,000 BC

According to Professor Diamond, until _________, more victims of war died of war-borne microbes than of battle wounds. All those military histories glorifying great generals oversimplifying the ego-deflating truth: the winners of past wars were not always the armies with the best generals and weapons, but were often merely those bearing the nastier germs to transmit to their enemies.

World War 2

Professor Diamond suggests "In fact, many or most inventions were developed by people driven by what?"

Curiosity or by a love of tinkering

According to your reading from the Pew Foundation regarding demographic trends, in about fifty years (2065), what percentage of the USA will be White?

46%.

According to your reading from the Pew Foundation regarding demographic trends, in fifty years (2065), what percentage of the USA will be Hispanic?

24%

According to your reading from the Pew Foundation regarding demographic trends, the second major trend discussed concerns immigration into the United States. From this data, we can assert that:

Asians are the largest source of new American immigrants

According to your reading from the Pew Foundation regarding demographic trends, what is the large trend in global religion regarding Muslims between 2010 and 2050?

By 2050 there will be about as many Muslims as Christians.

According to Professor Ong in Orality and Literacy, in an oral culture, knowledge, once acquired, had to be what?

Repeated or it would be forgotten.

According to Professor Ong in Orality and Literacy, in oral culture without writing, words as such have no what?

Visual presence

According to Professor Ong in Orality and Literacy, in an oral culture, experience is intellectualized how?

Mnemonically

According to Professor Ong in Orality and Literacy, what kind of personality structure does primary orality foster?

Colorful

According to Richard Reeves, What was the landmark legislation signed into law in 1972 regarding equality in gender? in gender?

Title XI

According to Richard Reeves, What is the current gap between genders regarding college education (bachelor’s degrees)?

There is an 18 percent gap in favor of women

According to Richard Reeves, What is a true statement?

Two-thirds of the top academic performers in high school are women.

According to Richard Reeves, What is a true statement?

In the top 20 economic-earning countries, there is a 13 point gap in favor of women earning college degrees

According to Richard Reeves, What is a true statement?

In Norway there is an almost 20 percent gap in favor of women earning a college degree.

According to Richard Reeves, What is a true statement?

Internationally, at the age of 15 boys are 30 percent behind girls in reading.

According to Richard Reeves, In America, what is the ratio for black men as compared to black women in receiving college degrees?

Black women get about twice as many college degrees as black men

According to Richard Reeves, What is one the two structural difficulties facing boys in the education system?

Their brains develop more slowly (about a year) in terms of non-cognitive skills. In other words, they are less mature.

According to Richard Reeves, What is one the two structural difficulties facing boys in the education system?

The lack of male teachers in school she lack of male teachers in schools

According to Richard Reeves, What percentage of boys have been diagnosed with a learning disability?

23%

According to R.W. Emerson in his essay on Culture, Whilst all the world is in pursuit of power, and of wealth as a means of power, culture corrects what?

A theory of success.

According to R. W. Emerson in his essay on Culture, what is the pest of society?

Egotists

According to R.W. Emerson in his essay on Culture, what does culture kill?

Exaggeration and conceit

According to R. W. Emerson in his essay on Culture, no performance is worth the loss of what?

Loss of geniality

According to R. W. Emerson in his essay on Culture, a great part of courage is what?

Having acted before

According to R. W. Emerson in his essay on Culture, what faculties are strong?

Those which are used

What best captures R. W. Emerson’s notion of the law of nature in his essay on Culture?

Melioration

Regarding the previous question from Emerson’s essay on Culture, what does the correct answer mean?

Improvement

According to R. W. Emerson’s essay on Culture, what is the best lesson of the city?

Quiet manners

According to R. W. Emerson’s essay on Culture, for whom is popularity?

Dolls