Thermochemistry Vocab

Energy

The capacity to do work or produce heat (J=nxm)

Enthalpy

The total heat content of a system

Chemical potential energy

Chemical energy that is stored in bonds

Heat of reaction

The energy (heat) absorbed or released during a chemical reaction

Heat

Measures the total energy in a substance and depends on the amount of substance

Heat of combustion

The amount of heat released when a given amount of the substance undergoes combustion

Thermochemistry

The branch of chemistry

Heat of fusion

The amount of energy required to convert a substance from a solid to liquid at its melting point

Law of conservation of energy

energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change form

Heat of solidification

The heat liberated by a unit mass of liquid at its freezing point as it solidifies.

Specific heat (capacity)

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temp. of one unit of a substance.

Heat of vaporization

The amount of energy needed to convert a specific amount of a form l→g

Endothermic

A chemical reaction or physical change that absorbs heat from its surroundings to decrease temp.

Heat of condensation

The energy released when a specific amount of a substance changes from g→l

Exothermic

A process or reaction that release energy into its surroundings, makes it surroundings feel warmer

Heat of solution

The energy absorbed or released when a solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution

System

The reaction and the things in it

Standard heat of formation

The enthalpy change when one role of a compound is format from its elements in their standard states

Surroundings

Things outside of the reaction that affect it

Hess’s law

The total enthalpy change for a chemical reaction is the same weather it happens in one step or multiple

Calorimeter

An insulator used to measure the heat absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process by measuring resulting temp. change