Function, Structure, and Cells of Bone

Functions of Bone

SPAMBT

Support, Protection, Assist in movement, Mineral Homeostasis, Blood cell production, and Trigylceride storage (ybm)

Bone Support

Whole Skeleton, allows us to stand

Bone Protection

major protection in the skull, rib cage

Skull

Protects the brain

Rib cage

protects thoracic cavity

Bone assists in movement

bone along skeletal muscle

Bones in Mineral Homeostasis

bone upkeep, bone development/ helps in maintaining blood calcium

Blood Cell Production

red bone marrow

Parts of Bone Structure

diaphysis, epiphyses, metaphyses, articular cartilage, periosteum, medullary cavity, endosteum

Diaphysis

long main portion (the shaft)

Epiphyses

distal and proximal ends

Metaphyses

regions in mature bone where diaphysis meets epiphyses

Articular Cartilage

thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering part of epiphysis where bone forms articulation (joint) with another bone

Articular Cartilage reduces

friction and absorbs shock

Periosteum

sheet of tough, dense irregular CT surronding bone wherever its not covered with articular cart.

Periosteum helps

form an attachment point for ligaments and tendons

Medullary Cavity

marrow cavity found within diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults

Endosteum

thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Endosteum is a

continuous break down of bone

As a baby

cartilage is not in bone, bone is continuously developing, breaking down, and building back up. this process is very fluid

Bone Cells

Osteogenic Cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts,

Osteogenic (Bone genesis) cells

stem cells derived from mesenchyme.

The only bone cells to undergo cell division

Osteogenic Cells

Osteogenic Cells are found

along inner portion of periosteum, endosteum, and cannaliculi

Osteoblasts

synthesize and secrete collagen fibers as well as other organic components

Osteoblast initiate

calcification

The extracellular matrix surrounds osteoblasts T/F

True

Osteocytes

mature bone cells

Osteoclasts

large cells derived from fusion of as many as 50 monocytes concentrated in endosteum

Osteoclasts have a (description of the cell)

ruffled border and release lysosomal enzymes and acids that digest proteins and mineral components of bone

Osteoblasts line

the surface of the bone

Osteoblasts secrete

Collagen and the organic matrix of bone, which becomes calcified soon after it has been deposited

What do osteoblasts become when they are trapped in the organic matrix

they become osteocytes

Osteoblast are responsible for

bone formation

Osteocytes maintains

bone tissue

Osteoclasts are derived from

hematopoietic precursors

Osteoclasts are repsonsible for

bone resorption

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts depend on each other for

production and linked in the process of bone remolding

The bone matrix consits of

25% water,

25% collagen fibers

50% crystallized mineral salts

Most abundant mineral salt is

calcium phosphate

Calcium Phosphate combines with

calcium hydroxide to form crystals of hydroxyapatite

this and mineral salts provides the framework for calcification