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Functions of Bone
SPAMBT
Support, Protection, Assist in movement, Mineral Homeostasis, Blood cell production, and Trigylceride storage (ybm)
Bone Support
Whole Skeleton, allows us to stand
Bone Protection
major protection in the skull, rib cage
Skull
Protects the brain
Rib cage
protects thoracic cavity
Bone assists in movement
bone along skeletal muscle
Bones in Mineral Homeostasis
bone upkeep, bone development/ helps in maintaining blood calcium
Blood Cell Production
red bone marrow
Parts of Bone Structure
diaphysis, epiphyses, metaphyses, articular cartilage, periosteum, medullary cavity, endosteum
Diaphysis
long main portion (the shaft)
Epiphyses
distal and proximal ends
Metaphyses
regions in mature bone where diaphysis meets epiphyses
Articular Cartilage
thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering part of epiphysis where bone forms articulation (joint) with another bone
Articular Cartilage reduces
friction and absorbs shock
Periosteum
sheet of tough, dense irregular CT surronding bone wherever its not covered with articular cart.
Periosteum helps
form an attachment point for ligaments and tendons
Medullary Cavity
marrow cavity found within diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults
Endosteum
thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum is a
continuous break down of bone
As a baby
cartilage is not in bone, bone is continuously developing, breaking down, and building back up. this process is very fluid
Bone Cells
Osteogenic Cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts,
Osteogenic (Bone genesis) cells
stem cells derived from mesenchyme.
The only bone cells to undergo cell division
Osteogenic Cells
Osteogenic Cells are found
along inner portion of periosteum, endosteum, and cannaliculi
Osteoblasts
synthesize and secrete collagen fibers as well as other organic components
Osteoblast initiate
calcification
The extracellular matrix surrounds osteoblasts T/F
True
Osteocytes
mature bone cells
Osteoclasts
large cells derived from fusion of as many as 50 monocytes concentrated in endosteum
Osteoclasts have a (description of the cell)
ruffled border and release lysosomal enzymes and acids that digest proteins and mineral components of bone
Osteoblasts line
the surface of the bone
Osteoblasts secrete
Collagen and the organic matrix of bone, which becomes calcified soon after it has been deposited
What do osteoblasts become when they are trapped in the organic matrix
they become osteocytes
Osteoblast are responsible for
bone formation
Osteocytes maintains
bone tissue
Osteoclasts are derived from
hematopoietic precursors
Osteoclasts are repsonsible for
bone resorption
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts depend on each other for
production and linked in the process of bone remolding
The bone matrix consits of
25% water,
25% collagen fibers
50% crystallized mineral salts
Most abundant mineral salt is
calcium phosphate
Calcium Phosphate combines with
calcium hydroxide to form crystals of hydroxyapatite
this and mineral salts provides the framework for calcification
