Studied by 16 people
chronological order
a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern
critical thinking
Focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion
ethical decisions/ethics
sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines
ethnocentrism
the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures
extemporaneous speech
a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes
frame of reference
The sum of a person's knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes. No two people can have exactly the same _______.
general purpose
the broad goal of a speech
global plagiarism
stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own
incremental plagiarism
failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people
paraphrase
to restate or summarize an author's ideas in one's own words
specific purpose
a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in their speech
transition
a word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another
brief example (specific instances)
a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point
extended example
a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point
hypothetical example
an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation
topical order
a method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics
direct quotation
testimony that is presented word for word
quoting out of context
quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it
central idea
a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech
mean
the average value of a group of numbers
median
the middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest
mode
the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers
residual message
what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech
testimony
quotations or paraphrases used to support a point
expert testimony
testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields
peer testimony
testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic
speech to inform
a speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding
causal order
main points show a cause-effect relationship
problem-solution order
the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem
spatial order
main points follow a directional pattern
credibility
the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic
goodwill
the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind
plagiarism
presenting another person's language or ideas as one's own
rhetorical question
a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud
Note 
Flashcard (93)