Pathophysiology 1 - Final Exam WBC

Acute Lymphadenitis

Neck region or tonsils or armpit/inguinal lymph nodes inflamed and painful

Chronic Lymphadenitis

Non tender, slowly growing inflammation of lymph node, stimulated by injury and infection

ALL

Lymphoid neoplasm, most common childhood blood cancer, precursor lymphocytes, primarily pre-B, aggressive anemia, infection, hepatosplenomegaly, CNS spread

CLL

Lymphoid neoplasm, adult men, slow tumor that is basically immortal due to BCL-2 mutation, hypogammaglobulinemia leading to high infection risk, Richter Transformation risk which is deadly switch to non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphoid neoplasm, bimodal distribution, RS cells, has stages and orderly spread pattern, downregulates TH1 cells in the nodes

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphoid neoplasm, no RS cell, spreads aggressively and disorderly, dangerous and varied survivorship

Multiple Myeloma

Plasma Cell Neoplasm, makes lots of immunoglobulins, has bence jones proteins, lethal, increases osteoclast activity and decreases osteoblast activity

AML

Myeloid Neoplasms, lethal, older adults, caused by HPC tumor due to epigenetics, increasing cell division leading to marrow failure, pancytopenia, spontaneous cutaneous and mucosal bleeding

Myeloproliferative Disorder

Myeloid Neoplasms, growth factor independent proliferation, RTK is always on, seeds progenitors in secondary hematopoiesis organs causing hepatosplenomegaly

CML

Myeloid Neoplasms, Philadelphia translocation forming the BCR-ABL fusion gene that always turns on RTK, curable with allogenic bone marrow transplant