Chapter 19: emergent abdominal ultrasound procedures (practice test)

People go to the emergency department for all of the following frequency reasons except:

A) chest pain

B) ear pain

C) flank pain

D) respiratory distress

B) ear pain

The complications of peritoneal lavage include all of the following except:

A) bowel perforation

B) bladder penetration

C) vascular laceration

D) pneumothorax

D) pneumothorax

In the trauma setting, the most common finding of free fluid in the abdomen or pelvis is:

A) hemoperitoneum

B) ascites

C) bowel

D) urine

A) hemoperitoneum

The sonographic finding in aortic dissection includes all of the following except:

A) echogenic membrane

B) enlarged aorta

C) moving echogenic flap

D) laminar blood flow pattern

D) laminar blood flow pattern

Three types of abdominal hernias include all of the following except:

A) reducible hernia

B) carcerated hernia

C) incarcerated hernia

D) strangulated hernia

B) carcerated hernia

The most common sonographic finding of a hernia is:

A) peristalsis of the bowel during a Valsava maneuver

B) positive Murphy's sign

C) negative McBurney's sign

D) positive strangulation sign

A) peristalsis of the bowel during a Valsava maneuver

The traditional modality of choice for evaluating urolithiasis is:

A) noncontrast abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan

B) abdominal x-ray examination

C) renal ultrasound

D) intravenous urography

D) intravenous urography

For years, which one of the following techniques has been used as a surgical tool for the diagnosis of hemoperitoneum?

A) paracentesis

B) peritoneal lavage

C) laparoscopy

D) focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST)

B) peritoneal lavage

Post trauma, the most common location for fluid to accumulate is in the ______.

A) Morison's pouch

B) pouch of Douglas

C) paracolic gutters

D) subphrenic space

A) Morison's pouch

The initial surgery of a FAST scan is directed to the:

A) paracolic gutter

B) subhepatic space

C) posterior cul-de-sac

D) pericardium

D) pericardium

Torsion of the spermatic cord occurs as a result of which one of the following?

A) inflammation of the testis

B) abnormal size of the testis

C) abnormal mobility of the testis

D) inflammation of the epididymis

C) abnormal mobility of the testis

In the early stages of testicular torsion, the echogenicity of the testis appears ______.

A) normal

B) complex

C) hypoechoic

D) hyperechoic

A) normal

One of the most common conditions that necessitate emergent surgery is:

A) acute cholelithiasis

B) urolithiasis

C) acute appendicitis

D) acute pancreatitis

C) acute appendicitis

Sonographic findings of acute cholecystitis include all of the following except:

A) thickened gallbladder wall

B) small gallbladder

C) pericholecystic fluid

D) immobile gallstone

B) small gallbladder

Sonographic findings in acute pancreatitis may include which one of the following?

A) atrophy

B) microcalcifications

C) hyperechoic parenchyma

D) normal-appearing parenchyma

D) normal-appearing parenchyma

Midepigastric pain radiating to the back is characteristic of:

A) acute cholecystitis

B) urolithiasis

C) acute pancreatitis

D) acute appendicitis

C) acute pancreatitis

The most common cause of acute cholecystitis is:

A) acute pancreatitis

B) chronic pyelonephritis

C) cholelithiasis

D) obstruction of the cystic duct

D) obstruction of the cystic duct

Stones as small as _______ millimeters (mm) may be visualized with ultrasound.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 0.5

D) 1.5

C) 0.5

Approximately 70% of aortic dissection occur in the:

A) aortic arch

B) ascending aorta

C) descending aorta

D) abdominal aorta

B) ascending aorta

Which one of the following is nearly always associated with aortic dissection?

A) trauma

B) pregnancy

C) hypertension

D) coarctation of the aorta

C) hypertension

A pseudodissection demonstrates which one of the following?

A) intimal flap

B) turbulent blood flow pattern

C) decrease in blood flow

D) false lumen

A) intimal flap

Paraumbilical hernia occurs more often in which one of the following?

A) infants

B) female adults

C) male adults

D) children

B) female adults

A hernia in the bowel that cannot be reduced is a(n) _____ hernia.

A) reducible

B) carcerated

C) incarcerated

D) strangulated

C) incarcerated

A hernia with vascular compromise is _____.

A) carcerated

B) incarcerated

C) strangulated

D) torsioned

C) strangulated

In reproductive-age women, free fluid isolated to the posterior cul-de-sac is likely which one of the following?

A) ascites

B) hemoperitoneum

C) abscess

D) physiologic

D) physiologic