MIDTERM 01 - Computer in Our Daily Life

2 ways on how computer works (MB)

Machine language, Binary numbers

From the __________, pressure pads are typically found underneath each key (How computers interpret data)

Keyboard

The information is then transmitted in the form of 0’s and 1’s using the __________ (How computers interpret data)

ASCII

The __________ determines what character has been typed and send the information to the computer monitor, again in 0’s and 1’s (How computers interpret data)

CPU

The __________ displays the information in its equivalent character, this time, readable and understandable by humans (How computers interpret data)

Monitor

Is the standard that assigns letters, numbers, and other characters within the 256 slots available in the 8-bit code

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

Is the most common character encoding format for text data in computers and on the internet

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

In standard ASCII-encoded data, there are unique values for __________ alphabetic, numeric, or special additional characters and control codes

128

Refers to those who create programs

Programmers

Another term for program

Codes

Writing programs or code is called __________

Programming/Coding

3 ways how computers communicate with one another (WWD)

Wired connection, Wireless connection, Depends on the situation

Refers to the pathway composed of cables and connectors used to carry data from a computer’s peripheral devices to the CPU and main memory

System bus

3 types of bus (DAC)

Data bus, Address bus, Control bus

Can transfer data to and from the memory of a computer or into or out of the CPU (Types of bus)

Data bus

Example of data bus

Flash drive

Used by the CPU to specify a physical address for instructions, files, and other devices within the computer system (Types of bus)

Address bus

Used by CPUs to communicate with other devices with the computer system (Types of bus)

Control bus

Computers are able to communicate with one another over __________

Networks

Is an interconnection of two or more computers

Computer network

A type of connection which is often limited to an individual person and his or her personal devices (Types of computer networks)

Personal area network (PAN)

Normally, devices under PAN must be within the range of __________ meters with each other

10

Example of personal area network (PAN)

Personal hotspot

Is a connection in which a group’s computers and other devices share a common communication line within a certain area such as a building or a small campus (Types of computer networks)

Local area network (LAN)

Example of local area network (LAN)

Internet port

It is made up of several WAN and PAN; it can be also made up of several more WANs (Types of computer networks)

Wide area network (WAN)

Example of wide area network (WAN)

Internet

MAN (Types of computer networks)

Metropolitan area network

CAN (Types of computer networks)

Campus area network

VPN (Types of computer networks)

Virtual private network

POLAN (Types of computer networks)

Passive optical local area network

SAN (Types of computer networks)

Storage area network

2 types of communication (WW)

Wired, Wireless

Different types of cables are used to connect to a given network (Types of communication)

Wired communication

4 examples of wired communication (CFET)

Coaxial cables, Fiber optic, Ethernet cables, Traditional telephone lines

Is a connection or interface that allows the computer to communicate with system peripherals (Examples of wired communication)

USB

Connection that transmit data to and from devices which have typical high data rates, such as external hard drives (Examples of wired communication)

FireWire

Transmit the signals between computer and network devices such as router, switch, or other computers (Examples of wired communication)

Ethernet cable

Connector for transmitting audio/video data which are compatible to computers, projectors, and digital televisions (Examples of wired communication)

High-definition multimedia interface (HDMI)

Is a standard connector used for computer video output (Examples of wired communication)

Video graphic array (VGA)

Is a standard connection for modem, printer, mouse, and other peripheral devices (Examples of wired communication)

Serial

Type of interface found on early computer used for connecting peripherals (Examples of wired communication)

Parallel

Used to connect mouse and keyboard to computer; is color coded (Examples of wired communication)

PS/2

Used for microphones (as input) and speakers (as output); it uses color-coding (Examples of wired communication)

Audio jacks

The transmission of voice and data without cable or wires (Types of communication)

Wireless communication

Uses radio waves to wirelessly transmit information across a network (Examples of wireless communication)

WiFi

Uses radio waves to connect to other devices (Examples of wireless communication)

Bluetooth

Humans are able to communicate with computers with the use of __________

Computer software

Refers to a combination of instructions, data, and programs that the computer needs in order to do a specific task

Computer software

Another term used for computer software is __________

Computer programs

Is a computer program designed to carry out a specific task other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself, typically to be used by end-users

Application software

The most important software running on a computer; it manages the computer’s memory and instructions

System software

System software is also called as __________

Operating system

Computer interaction occurs by using a __________ operating system (e.g. DOS) in which the computer responds according to the text command that is typed

Command-line

Computer interaction occurs with a __________ operating system (e.g. Windows) such as pictures and buttons through mouse clicks and keyboard entries

Graphical interface (GUI)

5 areas where computers impact everyday life (EBWEH)

Education, Banking, Workforce industry, Electronic commerce, Hospitals

Defined as the worldwide network connecting to millions of computers via dedicated routes and servers

Internet

Defined as a vast network that connects computers all over the world

Internet

A computer designed to process any request for data and delivers data to other client computers over a local network or the internet

Server

Is a computer or device that gets information from a server

Client

A device that mediates the transmission routes of data packets over an electronic communications network

Router

A hardware device designed to receive, analyze, and send incoming packets to another network

Router

Is referred to as the collection of public websites that are connected to the internet worldwide

World Wide Web (WWW)

Is considered to be one of the applications in the internet and computer networks

Web technologies

Refers to the various tools and techniques that are utilized in the process of communication between different types of devices over the Internet

Web technologies

3 fundamental technologies in WWW development (HHW)

Hypertext markup language (HTML), Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), Web servers and web browsers

Is a standard markup language used for creating web pages (Fundamental technologies in WWW development)

Hypertext markup language (HTML)

Is classified as the set of markup symbols or codes appended in a file intended for presentation on the WWW browser page (Fundamental technologies in WWW development)

Hypertext markup language (HTML)

Is classified as the set of standards allowing users of the WWW to interchange information seen on web pages (Fundamental technologies in WWW development)

Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)

__________ is the standard port for HTTP connections

Port 80

Is a software application for recovering, presenting, and navigating information resources on the WWW (Fundamental technologies in WWW development)

Web servers and web browsers

It retrieves information from other parts of the web and displays it on your desktop or mobile devices (Fundamental technologies in WWW development)

Web servers and web browsers

__________ is transferred from one network to another until it reaches its final destination

Data

__________ and __________ are transferred around the world through wired and wireless transmission media (DI)

Data, Information

4 basic stages of web works (CRRC)

Connection, Request, Response, Close

4 parts of a URL (PDPF)

Protocol identifier, Domain name, Path, Filename

Maintains website by its owner; they modify the website

Web administrator

Use __________ to search for an exact phrase (Search tricks)

Quotes

Use an __________ within quotes to specified unknown or variable words (Search tricks)

Asterisk

Use the ___________ sign to eliminate results containing certain words (Search tricks)

Minus

Use __________ to search for the meaning of the words; slang included (Search tricks)

Define

Compare using __________ (Search tricks)

Versus

2 ways how computer interaction occur (then and now) (CG)

Command-line, Graphical user interface

Geographic area/region larger than the cover of LAN (Types of computer networks)

Metropolitan area network (MAN)

Network of 2 or more LANs in a limited area such as multiple building (Types of computer networks)

Campus area network (CAN)

Network that stores large amount of data in a private LAN across a public WiFi (Types of computer networks)

Storage area network (SAN)

Network that uses optical splitters to distribute signals from single strand of optical fiber (Types of computer networks)

Passive optical local area network (POLAN)

Network that extends a private LAN across a public WAN (Types of computer networks)

Virtual private network (VPN) )