Ch. 8: Creating the Constitution

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47 Terms

1

Dispute

A strong disagreement

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2

Township

A division of land 6 sq. miles under the Land Ordinance of 1785

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3

Northwest Territory

Region of U.S. bounded by the Ohio & Mississippi rivers and Great Lakes

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4

Northwest Ordinance

A law determining how new lands would be organized for government.

This also helped stop the spread of slavery in the West

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5

Constitutional Convention

A meeting held in Philadelphia in 1787 at which delegates from the states wrote the U.S. Constitution

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6

Committed

To agree or pledge to support someone or something

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7

Enlightenment

“Age of Reason” in 17th & 18th century

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8

Liberal

Supporting ideas of freedom, change, and progress

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9

Republic

A country governed by elected representatives.

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10

Constitution

A written plan that provides the basic framework of a government

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11

Framework

A basic set of ideas used to develop a larger plan

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12

Contradiction

A difference between two statements or situations that means they cannot both be true​

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13

Three-Fifths Compromise

Slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a person when determining a state’s population for representation in the House of Representatives

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14

Ratify

To formally approve a plan

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15

Federalist

Supporter of the constitution

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16

The Federalist Papers

A series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay in support of the ratification of the Constitution by the states​

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17

Amend

To change

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18

What was Congress’ biggest fear about a strong national government?

Rights for which people fought would be lost

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19

What was another name for the “Articles of Confederation?”

“A firm league of friendship”

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20

What was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation that limited Congress?

Congress could not impose taxes

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21

What land was affected by the Land Ordinance of 1785?

Land bound by the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and the Great Lakes

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22

How many people were needed in order for a state to apply for statehood?

60,000

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23

What was the long term effect of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

Territories eventually became states

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24

What is one of the main reasons Shays’ rebellion occurred?

Massachusetts taxes were unfairly high & farmers could not pay

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25

Why was Shays’s Rebellion an important event?

It was a major cause for the Constitutional Convention

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26

Where was the Constitutional Convention held?

Philadelphia

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27

When did the Constitutional Convention take place?

Summer 1787

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28

Who was the president of the Constitutional Convention?

George Washington

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29

How many states were represented at the Constitutional Convention?

12

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30

Who did not attend the Constitutional Convention in fear that a strong national government would endanger the rights of others?

Sam Adams, Patrick Henry & John Hancock

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31

Why is James Madison known as the “Father of the Constitution”?

He was well prepared to lead the discussion at the convention

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32

What was the original purpose of the convention in May 1787?

To revise the Articles of Confederation

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33

What did the Virginia Plan propose?

Two houses of Congress with representation based on state population

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34

What types of states supported the New Jersey Plan?

Small states

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35

Why did small states feel that they would have more voice in Congress under the New Jersey Plan?

There would be one house with representation being equal for all states

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36

What was a feature of both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?

A national government with three branches

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37

What did the Great Compromise decide?

Representation in Congress

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38

In which house is the number of members affected by state population?

House of Representatives

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39

Where did most of the slaves live at the time of the Constituional Converntion?

The South

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40

Which group casts votes to elect the President?

Electoral College

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41

How does the Electoral College operate today?

People choose their states’ electors when they vote in Presidential elections

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42

If the electoral college fails to elect a president, which group makes the final decision on the president?

House of Representatives

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43

How many states had to approve the Constitution before it went into effect?

9

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44

What is a federal system of government?

Power is shared by the national and state governments

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45

What were TWO concerns of the Anti-Federalists (opponents of the Constitution)?

-No list of people’s rights in the Constitution

-Giving up state powers to form a stronger Union (national government)

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46

After reading this chapter, what was the greatest challenge for the delegates of the Constitutional Convention?

How to balance the interests of large and small states

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47

Don't forget:

Review: Graphs from 8.4 & 8.6

Our class Constitutional Convention- candlelight, secrecy, delegates in attendance, had extensive political experience, etc.

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