Health Communication & Intervention

What are the two types of frames that exist to talk regarding the same information in the healthcare system?

• A Gain Frame

• A Loss Frame

What are the two ways you can think about health communication

• How you should frame health communication -> framing

• What makes a message persuasive? -> Persuasion

What is an example of using a health GAIN frame to share information?

• “An advantage of getting a mammogram early means more treatment options”

  • Using the word advantage as a positive word

What is an example of using a health LOSS  frame to share information?

• A disadvantage of not getting a mammogram early means less treatment options

  • Using the word disadvantage to indicate a loss

What does using a Gain Frame signify?

• Communication that emphasizes the benefits of certain behaviors

What does using a Loss Frame signify?

• Communication that emphasizes the disadvantages of not engaging in a certain behavior

Does framing REALLY matter? Can we speak to patients or people in any type of way to get them to engage in a behavior?

• When influencing someone to make a decision, framing matters

• The framing of a message influences how people will make a decision 

When communication is framed as a GAIN how are we likely to behave and why?

• We are afraid of possible risks

• We tend to avoid possible risks and persue what we think is more certain

When communication is framed as a LOSS how are we likely to behave and why?

• We become more risk seeking

• People tend to become more risky in their decisions

What type of frame is more useful to use when getting people to engage in Illness Detection Behaviors?

• A loss Frame

  • This is because this behavior tends to come with risks since people might detect a possible illness

What type of frame is more useful to use when getting people to engage in Health Promotion Behaviors?

• A Gain frame

  • This behavior comes with more certainty since there are only benefits that come with it

What are the two types of people that were described in the Health Communication lecture?

• Approach Oriented

• Avoidance Oriented

What are the types of things that an Approach Oriented person looks for?

• The positive and certain things

What are the types of things that an Avoidance Oriented person avoids?

• Avoid negative things

What type of framing does an Approach Oriented person prefer and why?

• A Gain Frame

  • Tends to look at the positive options and the benefits

What type of framing does an Avoidance Oriented person prefer and why?

• A Loss Frame

  • Tends to want to avoid negative things and look at options that will not harm them

What are the three different aspects of persuasive communication?

• Speaker Credibility

• Message appealing to Reasoning and Emotion

• Message appealing Appeal to Fear

What are 5 aspects of a speaker that will make us more inclined to be persuaded?

• Expertise

• Trustworthy

• Doesnt have something to gain

• Not Paid

• No other vested interests

Would you want to use Fear tactics to persuade someone to engage in a certain behavior?

• Yes, there should be a certain amount of fear that should be incorporated when persuading people

What are 3 negative effects when instilling Too Much Fear for persuasion?

• Anxiety

• Defensiveness

• Will backfire 

What are 2 negative effects when instilling Too Litte Fear for persuasion?

• No Motivation

• Boredom

What is the strategy to use when someone you are providing information to is Highly Involved (has done their research)?

• Appealing to Reason

What is the strategy to use when someone you are providing information to is Uninvolved (has not done their research)?

• Appealing to Emotion

  • “do you want to live to see ur granddaughter get married?”

What is an example of using a Loss Frame to encourage someone to get a surgery? Is this frame more or less likely to get someone to get the surgery?

• “I know you have a 32% chance of dying if you have the surgery”

  • you are uncertain of the outcomes, less likely to get the surgery

What is an example of using a Gain Frame to encourage someone to get a surgery?  Is this frame more or less likely to get someone to get the surgery?

• “I know you have 68% chance of living if you have the surgery”

  • You see the certainty of livelihood, more likely to get the surgery

If someone were to engage in healthy behaviors, are they more or less likely to die in the next few years?

• They are less likely, the more you are to engage in healthy beahviors to more you are likely to live longer

• These health behaviors are more beneficial the older you become -> you see a higher chance of living