1.4: blood vessels

types of blood vessels

-arteries: carry blood ____ (towards/ away?) from heart

-capillaries: site of ___ ___

-veins: carry blood ___ (towards/ away?) from heart

away, nutrient & gas exchange, towards

“v for venir”

arteries

-muscular & maintain round shape

-___ blood flow bc of high pressure of blood in blood vessels

pulsatile

types of arteries: elastic/ conducting

-___ (high/ low?) elastic tissue content

→carry blood to ___ ___ of body

→expand during ___ (systole/ diastole?), recoil during ____ (systole/ diastole?)

-some arteries contain arterial sense organs:

→baroreceptors: monitor ____

→chemoreceptors: monitor ____

→help regulate __ __, respiration, vasomotion

high, large regions, systole, diastole, blood pressure, blood chemistry, heart rate

types of arteries: muscular/ distributing

distribute blood to ___ of the body

specific regions

types of arteries: arteriole

-control amount of ___ to organs

-prominent smooth muscle means high capacity for ___

→little elastic tissue

blood flow, vasomotion

vasomotion

-vasoconstriction: blood vessel diameter decreases

→decreased internal volume = ____ pressure

-vasodilation: blood vessel diameter increases

→increased internal volume = ___ pressure

increased, decreased

functions of vasomotion

1) general raising/ lowering of blood pressure

-systemic vasodilation ___ (raises/ lowers) BP

-systemic vasoconstriction ___ (raises/ lowers) BP

-requires centralized control

2) ____ blood among regions/ modify perfusion of a specific organ

-either centrally or locally controlled

-constriction of specific artery/ arteriole reduces local flow

lowers, raises, reroute

capillaries

-supplied by which blood vessel? ___

-exchange vessels

-made up of endothelium & __ ___

arterioles, basement membrane

types of capillaries: continuous

-____ cells form continuous tube

-separated by intracellular ___

-found in most tissues

-small solutes can pass through

endothelial, clefts

types of capillaries: fenestrated

-fenestrations ( aka ____) for passage of small molecules (more substances can pass through compared to continuous capillaries)

-found in organs that require ___ or filtration

small pores, absorption

types of capillaries: sinusoid

-flattened, irregular shape

-___ (small, medium, large?) fenestrations, wide clefts, ___ (complete/ incomplete?) basement membrane

-found in areas where ____ are exchanged

large, incomplete, large molecules

capillary bed: web of 10-100 capillaries supplied by single ____

-drain into ___ at distal ends

arteriole, venules

capillary perfusion: blood flow through ___

-depends on condition of body/ specific needs of organ

-regulated by arterioles: constrict/ dilate to ___ flow

capillary bed, adjust

veins: less elastic

-steady blood flow

-relatively ___ (high/ low?) blood pressure

low

types of veins:

large: drain ___ regions of the body

medium: little smooth muscle

→venous valves: infolding of internal lining to prevent ___ of blood during venous return

venule: thin-walled

-little or no smooth muscle

large, backflow

circulatory routes

-simplest/ most common: heart → arteries → ___ →capillaries → ___ → ___

-blood passes through ___ (#?) network of capillaries

arterioles, venules, veins, one

circulatory routes

portal system: blood flows through ___ (#?) consecutive capillary networks before returning to heart

2

circulatory routes

anastomosis: convergence between ____ & other ____

→provides alternate route of blood flow

arteriovenous anastomosis (shunt): artery flows directly into ___ (bypassing capillaries)

arterial anastomosis: multiple ___ converge & branch

-provides ____ blood supply to tissue

-associated with joints

venous anastomosis: multiple ___ converge & branch

-provides alternate routes of drainage of an organ

blood vessels, capillaries, veins, arteries, collateral, veins