OPTICAL ISOMERISM

Stereoisomers which have different optical activity are called

optical isomers

OIC

rot of light = 0

clockwise rot

dextrorotatory and +d

anti clockwise

leavorotatpry L (-)

MAGNITUDE OF OPTICAL ROT DEPENDS UPON

conc, nature of subs, length of sample tube, lambda of light, temp, solvent

chilarity of carbon

tetrahedral w four diff groups, sp3

a single chiral carbon in campound

100% OA

multiple chiral carbons I  a compound 

can and can not be OA

COS

never seen in tetrahedral, and 3 membered rings

all planar molecules are OIA

since they all have minimum one plane of symmetry

enantiomers ( NON SUPERIMPOSABLE. MIRROR IMAGES OF EACHOTHER)

always OA

their mirror image is also OA

ENANTIOMERS PROPERTIES

IDENTICAL PHYSIACL PROPS, EXCEPT DIRN OF ROTN.

TWO ENANTIOMERS ROTATE PPL BY SAME DEGREE BUT IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS

HAVE IDENTICAL CHEM PROP TILL THEY ARE REACTING W OIA REAGENTS 

IF A

DIASTERIEOMERS

NON SUPER IMPOSBLE NON MIRROR IMAGES, MAY OR MAY NOT BE OA

MESO COMPOUNDS

CHIRAL CARBON CONTAING OIA COMPOUNDS

CHECKED THROUGH COS OR POS

PURE RACEMIC MIXTURE

MIX CONTANTING EQUAL ENANTIOMERS(OIA)

ENANTIOMERIC EXCESS

IF RACEMIX MIX CONTAIN UNEQUAL NUMBER OF ENANTIOMERS, OA ALSO.