Skyscraper exam 2 big study

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

First Leiter Building, William LeBaron Jenney, Chicago, 1870’s

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

Home Insurance Building, William LeBaron Jenney, Chicago, 1880’s

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

Montauk Block, Burnham and Root, Chicago, 1880’s

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

The Rookery, Burnham and Root, Chicago, 1880’s

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

Rand-McNally Building, Burnham and Root, Chicago, 1880’s

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

Monadnock Block, Burnham and Root, Chicago, 1880’s

Name? [Architect(s), Place, Date]

Masonic Temple Building, Burnham and Root, Chicago, 1890’s

What happened during construction of the Monadnock Block

it doubled in size

The Monadnock Block had what type of corridor?

double loaded corrider

why did they make this type of corridor for the Monadnock Block

The builidng was big

it was efficent

easy to rent out spaces

economically attractive 

Was the Monadnock Block on center?

No, it was 1 block off center

Where did the word Monadnock come from?

England

Why did Burnham and Root name their buildings the way they did?

They named their buildings off of places from their hometown

What type of material was mostly used on the Monadnock Block

load bearing masonery

why were the walls weird at the Monadnock Block

they were thick and to support height and got skinnier near top

3 reasons why there was no ornament on the Monadnock Block

1. Sullivan bet on Burnham that it wasn’t possible to build a building w/o an ornament

2. they wanted a plain brick box

3. Dwight Perkins was draftsmen for burnham and his son Larry said it was his fathers choice

How did John Root die?

Died of pneumonia from staying out in the cold w/o proper clothing as he was excited to show the buildings to tourists

Why did the 2 halves of the Monadnock Block look different?

Because they felt like the people building it didn’t have enough time building it as they were working on another project so they hired other people to build it.

What type of windows did the Monadnock Block have?

Oriele windows

Why did they have these type of windows at the Monadnock Block

to add breeze

what was frank lloyd wrights’s reasoning for these type of windows at the Monadnock Block

he belived they made these windows to extrude out which added more square footage so they were able to make rent more expensive and even though the windows extended over the boundary of their lot it was still a legal tactic.

Why did they use traverse brick walls for the Monadnock Block

to help with wind bracing

what number was the Monadnock Block obsessed with and why?

The number 2. They have 2 of everything on each floor from chimneys, staircases, elevators, walls because the building was huge and they believed that there would be a possibility to sell and seperate floors which would in turn make more money. 

what building looked like the Monadnock Block and why

Donald Hoffman was a newspaper reporter and said it looks like temple of khons because of the flaring columns from the base to the top.

why did the staircases and first first floor of the Monadnock Block look this way?

many lawyers were here so it made it look like the lawyers were wealthy which meant that thwy apppeared to be good by clients.

what was the staircase made of at the Monadnock Block

aluminum with vegetational pattern

what material did the Monadnock Block use that was the first to do and why was it important

first building to use aluminum which was super expensive

what structure did the Monadnock Block have inside the masonery walls

cast and wrought iron

what were the floors of the Monadnock Block made of

marble

what were the top of the stairs made of at the Monadnock Block

cast iron

what was the design of the risers of the Monadnock Block and why

floral patterns with perforation to lighten the load and make light come through

what did the roof have at the Monadnock Block

a cavatal cornice

what type of landing did the stairs at the Monadnock Block have?

a semi circular landing

was Monadnock Block safe for egress?

No not good for fire safety

what was the Masonic Temple next to

a ferris wheel annd spire

what was a nickname for the Masonic Temple

the capitol building

at which corner was the Masonic Temple built

northeast corner

what achievement did the Masonic Temple achieve when it was built

was tallest building in the world

which building fought with the Masonic Temple for tallest building

the new york times building

Why did the new york times building get an unfair advantage for being taller than the Masonic Temple

it was measured from basement instead of street and had a flagpole installed which made the building increase in height

what type of functions did the Masonic Temple have

1. vertical shopping mall

2. offices

3. mason club room

4. resturant in basement

5. observatory with winter garden

What was at the top of the Masonic Temple

had a winter garden with skylight

what type of building came before the Masonic Temple

a vertical shopping mall

what was in the middle of the Masonic Temple

a huge hole/atrium from top to bottom

what did people refer to the Masonic Temple as and why?

a city under one roof because it had a theater, offices, and other programs

what did the masons sell at the Masonic Temple and why

the floors so they can make money

who were the clients of the Masonic Temple

the masons

what is the WCTU

womans christian temperance union

what happned to the Masonic Temple and why

it was demolished because it was losing money

what type of frame did the Masonic Temple have

skeleton frame

what did the Masonic Temple have a lot of?

slow elevators

what was above the arched entrance of the Masonic Temple

a huge steel transfer beam that held a lot of load

what type of windows did the Masonic Temple have

oriel windows

what type of lobby did the Masonic Temple have and why

had airlocked lobby for cold weather

what was each floor called of the Masonic Temple

was called a different street for each level

what was the winter garden roof of the Masonic Temple made of

glass vault

what did the city of chicago do after the Masonic Temple was built and why

put a height limit to builiodngs for economical concerns and not aestethic purposes

what was made next to the Masonic Temple and when?

the first subway during great depression

what did the subway do to the Masonic Temple

made foundation weak

what did rubloft say about the Masonic Temple and what did he propose

it was a white elephant which meant it was a money pit and he proposed for a small store

what store was built after the Masonic Temple

walgreens

what happened to the first leiter building and why

it was demolished because it was old and took up too much space

what was added to the first leiter building

2 extra floors

what was first leiter building classified as and why

a chicago school due to lack of ornamants and its simplicity

does the first leiter building use iron

yes very little in the frame

what is on the facade of the first leiter building

name of a firm of clothing store

what are the main materials of the walls of the first leiter building

brick and stone

what type of windows does the first leiter building have

cast iron mullion windows

mullion vs muntons

muntons are small wood in window confused with mullions

what type of medallion does the first leiter building have

limestone medallion

how many row of columns does the first leiter building have and what material

3 rows of cast iron columns

who was the client of the first leiter building and what did he do

levi leiter is client and was a business man for creating commerce buildings

what did the chicago tribune say about the first leiter building

was first skyscraper due to its skeleton frame

what does the home insurance building have below the 1st level

half basement

what is in front of the stairs of the home insurance building

a big window

what was added to the home insurance building

2 floors

what type of shape was the home insurance building

looks like panhandle of oklahoma

why did the shape of the home insurance building look this way

the owners wanted the land next to it but couldnt buy it so they built around it causing the panhandle shape

whats on the side of the home insurance building

a small alley for garbage trucks

what does the home insurance building have in the building

a light court

what material is around the court of the home insurance building and why

a metal cage surrounds the court in which you can see the court through the elevator

what is controversial about the home insurance building

has no skeleton frame

what corner was the home insurance building built

northeast corner

why was the home insurance building built this way

jenney made it have more windows to atrract more tenants

why does the picture of the home insurance building say new york

because thats where the home insurance is

William Lebaron Jenney college

William lebaron jenney went to college in america but then traveled to france to study engineering

name of the prestigeous engineering school that william Lebaron Jenney went to

Ecole Centrale

what were all them schools in france called

Grandes ecole=big schools in France. Willy tried hard to go to these schools, and thats where he studied math and engineering

who worked under willy after ecole centales

Louis Sullivan!

William Lebaron Jenney work preference

Louis Sullivan wrote an autobiography 50 years later where he said major willy wasnt much of an architect, more of an engineer

First leiter building tea.

There was a second leiter building, but it wasn't built in the same spot. I dont know why

Irving pond drew a perspective of the original building

Virtually no iron

Building is not highly regarded but people of the times really liked the style it was going for

Tribune building owner

The chicago tribune was operated by a man named colonel robert mccormick who thought that english spelling was obsolete, so he insisted that his writers simplify every words spelling.

how did William Lebaron Jenney feel about skeleton framed construction

Jenney was humble about his creation

home insurance building tea

Two stories were added to the building in 1888

Has a chimney because that was the only heating system available at the time

home insurance building footprint

shaped weird because someone owned land on the lot and were up-charging that space

weirdest form of engineering which was available at this time?

elevator engineers

how long are people willing to wait for an elevator

30 seconds

who was examining the remains of the home insurance building?

architects committee?

architects committees two different conclusions

architects think its a skeleton frame because thats what it is, but the engineers say it isnt because the frame doesnt go all the way down to the foundation

below the first story of the home insurance building.

no iron at all. no metal. above theres iron and even some steel, but not below