Second Semester American History II CAP Exam (copy)

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Banks reclaiming property when loan payments can no longer be made

Foreclosure

The name given to Tuesday, October 29, 1929 when the stock market collapsed triggering the Great Depression

Black Tuesday

Government funds given directly to the public to provide assistance for living expenses

Govenment Relief

Marketplace where business shares are bought and sold

Stock exchange

Those wandering, unemployed, homeless drifters during the Great Depression

Hobo

World War 1 veterans who mached on Washington DC in 1931 demanding their promised bonus pay for military service

Bonus Army

Federal programs creating jobs, relief, and regulations, developed by FDR’s administration to combat the Great Depression

New Deal

Practice of government spending more money than the budget has for income

Deficit Spending

Frequent radio adress given by FDR to the American public to calm their fears about the Great Depression

Fireside Chats

New Deal program that provided flood control and electricity through hydroelectric dams throughout the mid southern region

TVA

New Deal program that provided a small retirement pension for elderly, widowed spouse, and surviving children

Social Security

First female member of the Pesidential Cabinet, served as FDR’s secretay of labor

Frances Perkins

Law that established protections for workers

Fair Labor Standard Act

New Deal Program that provided local constuction jobs

WPA

New Deal program to provide jobs fo young men ages 18-26

CCC

The practice of speading infomation in an attempt to influence one’s opinion

Propaganda

Heir to the Austia-Hungarian thone whose assassination in 1914 set off World War 1

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

This 1917 incident revealed Germany’s attempt to incite Mexico to attack the United States

Zimmermann Telegram

Name given to newly developed German Submarine

U-Boat

An intense loyalty to one’s nation

Nationalism

An ocean line sunk by German submaines nearly causing the United States to enter World War 1

Lusitania

The practive of a government forcing military service upon thei citizens in time of war

Draft

The state of warfare that existed as a stalemate between sides

Stalemate

This political group took over Russia after the Russian Revolution and established a communist government in Russia

Bolsheviks

Those powers who fought against German aggession in Europe during World War 1

Allied Powers

The goals for world peace as outlined by US Pesident Woodrow after World War 1

14 Points

The concluding peace document that settled World War 1

Treaty of Versailles

Leader of the Bolshevik party in Russia who staged the 1917 Russian Revolution

Vladimir Lenin

US president during World War 1

Woodrow Wilson

European powers who supported German aggression in Europe

Central Powers

The concern after World War 1 that European communists were attempting to infiltrate the US government

Red Scare

Organizations established after World War 1 for nations to work out their political differences

League of Nations

U.S. agency created to monitor communists

FBI

Commander of US forces during World War 1

John J. Pershing

Nickname given to U.S. World War 1 soldiers

Doughboys

Most decorated U.S. soldier in World War 1

Alvin York

Agreement between warring factions to cease shooting

Armistice

Used to finance U.S. involvement in World War 1

Bonds

Nickname given to the countries at the Paris Peace Conference

Irreconcilables

Name given to area between the trenches

No Man’s Land

International meeting of world powers designed to limit naval buildup throughout the world

League of Nations

The development and expression of African American art in the United States following World War 1

Harlem Reneissance

African American jazz musician made popular with his trumpet New Orleans sound

Louis Armstrong

Popular New York Yankee baseball player and sports celebrity known for his many homeruns

Babe Ruth

Those people who oppose all forms of government and authority

Anarchists

The movement of southern black populations to northern cities within the United States after World War 1

Great Migration

Young, flashy, dramatic, unconventional women of the 1920’s

Flappers

American pilot who flew the first nonstop Transatlantic flight in 1927

Charles Lindbergh

Secret bars that served illegal alcohol

Speakeasy

Type of motion picture that changed pop culture in 1921 - 1929

Silent Film

First talkie movie produced

The Jazz Singer

Belief that Native born people are superior to immigrants

Nativism

This amendment granted women the right to vote

19th Amendment

1920s innovation that provided prople information, entertainmen, and an avenue for advertisement

Mass Advertising

Advocated Negro Nationalism and to move “Back to Africa”

Marcus Garvey

Scandal during the Harding administation in which the Secretary of Interior sold public oil reserves for private profit

Teapot Scandal

Production process designed by Henry Ford in which the process of production was broken down into seperate tasks requiring unskilled labor

Assembly Line

American post World War 1 foreign policy which called for the United States to remain out of European affairs

Isolationism

Republican President who took office upon the death of President HArding, known for his quiet demeanor and support for business

Calvin Coolidge

American entrepreneur who successfully produced automobiles through the use of mass roduction and assembly line production and created the largest industry in the 1920s

Henry Ford

The 1925 trial that pitted the morals of New Morality against those of Fundamentalism

Scopps Monkey Trial

Chicago gangster who made his fortune off of bootleg whiskey during Prohibition

Al Capone

A long period in the economic cycle with no economic activity

Recession

Building projects financed by the government during the Great Depression consisting of small shanty towns made of scap lumber

Hoovervilles

When the public rushed at once to withdraw their deposits from banks

Bank Run

Area throughout the Midwestern US that experienced years of drought followed by severe winds that blew top soil away

Dust Bowl

Hoover’s administration attempt to battle the Great Depression which made loans to banks, railroads, and agricultural institution

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Republican President elected in 1928 who was in office during the Stock Market crash, did not believe the federal government shhould support the economy

Herbert Hoover

New Deal program that federally insured one’s bank deposits up to a specific amount

Government Safety Net

New deal program that provided a government watchdog agency over Stock Market transactions

Security Exchange Commission

World economic system in which the government controls major parts of the economy

Socialism

World economic system in which the resouces, means of production, and profits are realized by private individuals in a free markey exchange of goods with no government intervention

Capitalism

World economic system in which the government contols all aspects of the economy including resources, labor, production, and distribution

Communism

A tactic used by labor to walk off the job, closing down production in an effort to get management to meet their labor demands

Strikes

Democratic President elected in 1932 who supported New Deal programs intervening in the economy in order to combat the Great Depression

Franklin D. Roosevelt

FDR’s plan for putting Supreme Court justice on the cout that support the New Deal

Court-Packing Plan

The allied nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War 2

Axis Powers

The allied nations of the United States, Britain, France, and the Soviet Union during World War 2

Allied Powers

German nationalist and anti-communist political party who supported Hitler in the 1930’s

Nazis

The 1939 agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union promising not to attack each other and to divide Poland

Soviet Non-Agression Pact

German form of a modern mechanized military force known as “lightning war”

Blitzkrieg

Name of Hitler’s biography “My Struggle” in which he outlined Germany’s future racial and political policies

Mein Kampf

US naval base in Hawaii that was attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941, drawing the US in World War 2

Pearl Harbor

US foreign policy that allowed for arms to be loaned or rented to warrng nations in which the US had inteests

Land-Lease Act

Fascist dictator of Germany elected as Germany’s Chancellor by the Nazi party

Adolf Hitler

Fascist dictator of Italy known as “El Duce”

Benito Mussolini

Emperor of Japan during World War 2

Hirohito

Britain’s Prime Minister during World War 2

Winston Churchill

Dictator of the Soviet Union after Lenin’s death, led the Soviet Union during World War 2

Joseph Stalin

Nickname given to a US soldier during World War 2 signifying him as a “government issue”

G.I.

Naval battle in the Pacific in which the Japanese were pushed back and American supply lines were kept intact; turning point in the Pacific

Battle of Midway

The Japanese forced march of Allied prisoners in the Phillipines in which thousands died due to starvation, disease, and exposure

Bataan Death March

1942 US domestic policy in which Japanese-Americans were forced to relocate at established internment camps

Japanese Amercian Relocation

Fierce battle between Germany and Soviet Union in which the German forces began to retreat; turning point in European theatre forcing Germany to be on the defensive

Battle of Stalingrad

US economic policy during World War 2 to reduce consumption of vital products needed for the war effort

Rationing

1944 Allied invasion at Normandy, France to open a second western front against Germany

D-Day

Nickname of the Allied countries from United States, Britain, and Soviet Union

Big Three

Last major German offensive maneuver in 1944 that was ultimately turned back by US troops under General Patton

Battle of the Bulge

Major battle in the Pacific war against Japan in which US fought hard to win control of the island to be used as a refeuling base

Battle of Iwo Jima

The US Naval commander in the Pacific theatre against Japan

Chester Nimitz