Genetic Diversity & Adaptation

These flashcards cover key concepts of genetic diversity, natural selection, adaptation, and associated biological processes, aiding students in their preparation for biology exams.

What are the key steps in the process of natural selection?

1. Random mutation can result in new alleles of a gene.2. In specific environments, a new allele might benefit its possessor, leading to increased reproductive success.3. The advantageous allele is inherited by members of the next generation.4. Over many generations, this new allele increases in frequency in the population.

What types of adaptations can result from natural selection?

Natural selection can lead to adaptations that are:- Anatomical: Structural features (e.g., the beak shape of a bird).- Physiological: Internal bodily processes (e.g., the ability to produce venom).- Behavioural: Actions or patterns of activity (e.g., migration patterns).

What are antimicrobial substances?

Substances that kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses. Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial substance specifically targeting bacteria.

What is genetic diversity and why is it important for natural selection?

Genetic diversity is the number of different alleles of genes in a population. It is a crucial factor that enables natural selection to occur.