covalent and ionic bonds

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4 Terms

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covalent bond

a bond where two nuclei of nonmetals are bonded together by their mutual attraction to the same pair of electrons

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how does a covalent bond occur?

  • two nonmetal atoms collide so that the nuclei are closer than two times the radius

  • the electron pair is drawn to the internuclear distance where they can create a concentration of charge

  • side ways repulsion increased

  • mutual attraction to same pair of electron bonds atoms together

  • creates a covalent bond

<ul><li><p>two nonmetal atoms collide so that the nuclei are closer than two times the radius</p></li><li><p>the electron pair is drawn to the internuclear distance where they can create a concentration of charge</p></li><li><p>side ways repulsion increased </p></li><li><p>mutual attraction to same pair of electron bonds atoms together</p></li><li><p>creates a covalent bond</p></li></ul><p></p>
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differences between ionic and covalent bonds

ionic:

  • attraction from ions in all directions

  • non localized and non directional

  • all ions pack together

  • forms ionic crystal lattice

covalent

  • attraction is localized to the internuclear distance

  • attraction is directional along internuclear distance

  • ex. in a H2 bond, another extra hydrogen will not bond as no attraction is available

  • forms molecule

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