Chem final unit 2

define cation

ion with a net positive charge (CATion - PAWsitive)

define anion

ion with a negetive net charge (ANion - anti = negetive)

ionic compound

transfer of elecrtons between cation and anion

covalent compound

all nonmetals

where are alkali metals on the table

first culumn

where are alkaline metals on the table

second column

where are transition metals on the table

in the middle

where are nonmetals on the table

on the right

groups and families on the table

verticle columns

periods on table

horizantle rows

transition metals qualities

reactive, can be free element, highest melting point, props of m and nm

what had the highest metling points on the table

transition metals

halogens

very reactive, anions, group 17

metals

good conducters of heat, luster, docitile, maleable

noble gases

group 18, unreactive, have an octet

which is unreactive

noble gases

nonmetals

not good conducters of heat, brittle solids or gass

alkali metals

group 1, very reactive, form metal oxides, lowest melting point

which has the lowest melting point

alkali metals

alkaline metals

group 2, reactive, forms metal oxides

differenc ebetween element and ion

elements are neutral (same P+ and e-) and ions have a charge bc have lost or gained an electron(s)

qualititative observation

describes qualities

which if the following is a qualitiative observation

color

quantitative observations

describes a quantity

which of the following is a quantitative observation

height

how many variables should be changed in an expiriement

1, needs to be controlled

what is an isotope

atoms of an element with the same #of protons but dif # of neutrons making a different mass

what particle defines an element

protons bc its the same as the atomic #

in a nuclear symbol what do the numbers mean

top left is mass, bottom left is atomic number and protons (and electrons if theres no charge), top right is charge

how to determine number of protons

atomic number

how to determin number of neutrons

mass-protons/atomic #

how to determine electron

protons (+-) the charge

what information does an elemnts forup number give you

number of valence electorns

what do element groups have in common

chemical propertys

what are valence electrons

electrons in the outer shell (participate in chemical bonds)

what is an octet and whys it important

8 electrons - that is a full outer shell and means the atom/ion is stable 

what are the masses of p e and n

p+ - 1 amu

neutron - 1 amu

e- - 0 amu

what is an ion

an element with a charge bc its lost or gained e-

how to name a negetive ion

change the ending to ide

how to name a poititive ion

add ion after the word