Phase 1 Exam-- 720 Academy

What kind of tickets do municipal courts handle?

Ordinance violations, monetary fines, jug tickets and traffic

As a law enforcement officer, will you testify at an appeal?

No

1. The person filling the appeals is:

2.The other person is

1. Appellate

2. Respondent

1. How many judges WI Supreme Court?

2. US Supreme Court?

1. 7

2. 9

What are the 10 mandatory policies required by WI State law?

Use of Force (66.0511[2])

Citizen Complaint (66.0511[3])

High Speed Pursuit (346.03[6])

Open Record (19.34[1])

Domestic Abuse (968.075[3])

Expander of Jurisdiction (175.40[6][d])

Reposting Abuse (48.981[3][b])

Eyewitness Identification (175.50[2])

Strip Searches (968.255[6])

Officer Involved Death (175.47)

What elements does the court need to prove someone committed a crime?

1. That the crime was committed (every element of crime proven)

2. That the suspect committed the crime

When do you use an open ended question in an interview? Close ended question?

Open ended questions- used to gather information

Closed ended questions should be used only when the witness fails to provide a clear or complete response

What type of people that you are interviewing are most likely not to lie?

Neutral

Can an attorney invoke your right to silence?

No

What are the 3 responses to a Miranda Warning?

Assert the right to silence

Assert the right to an attorney

Waive the rights and agree to answer questions

What is the definition of Critical Thinking?

The disciplined art of ensuring that you are using the best thinking you are capable of in any set of circumstances

In firearms, what is the firing cycle?

The first round in fired

The empty casing is extracted from the chamber

The empty casing is ejected from the weapon

The next round in fed into the chamber

What stage of Problem Oriented Policing do you identify data?

SARA - Analysis Stage

What are the pros and cons in Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy (CAPS)?

Pros: Community and police involvement and teamwork.

Cons: cost and data showed ineffective

What is the difference between civil law vs criminal law?

Civil law: 2 independent parties, preponderance of evidence.

Criminal law: Gov vs Party, beyond reasonable doubt

How many appellate districts (State) in WI?

4 districts

Where do you go if your federal case goes to Appeals?

Chicago

Police officers file a complaint. What is a complaint?

Written statement listing essential facts of the offense and a statement outlining they believe the defendant committed the crime

The judge review the complaint and determines if there is

Probable cause

What is a discretionary policy vs a ministerial policy?

Discretionary: you have some choices about how you will complete a task,

includes may and should. Ministerial: tasks you must perform, you have no choice- policy includes will and shall

How do you become a municipal judge?

Elected

How large does a municipality have to be to get a police dept?

What are the options?

5,000

Pattern with another agency

Create your own

Contract services with another department

Why are we called Guardian of Rights?

We defend the rights guarded to the people of the Constitution

Define Community Oriented Policing

Develop relationships between police and the community

Proactive problem solving

Develop Solutions

How it is used

Build relationships

Work with stakeholders to find solutions

What does SARA stand for and how does it work?

Scanning: Define the problem

Identify neighborhood crime and disorder problems

Ex: Quality of life issues, traffic safety, Vandalism, Theft

Obtain input from the community

Organize the information

Determine the priority of the call

Analyze: People involved, specific locations, and root causes

Understand the conditions

Respond: Implement a response to fight the problems

Develop and implement solutions

Know what you are going to do when you face problems

Assessment: Assess results: Working? Changes?

How did it work?

What is Problem Oriented Policing and what are the problems associated with it?

A system to identify underlying crime problems and develop strategies that prevent and reduce crime

Driven by analysis

Problems: lack of people with adequate training, significant cost, lack of commitment, Falsely raising the public's expectations of Law Enforcement

What it the Broken Windows Theory?

Minor crimes like broken windows makes a neighborhood look unkept allowing more serious crime to move in

What are the 4 basic elements of communication?

Atmosphere, sender→ message → receiver

What is O.I.R.?

opening information resolution

It is expected that a law enforcement officer decision are

Ethical, legal, professional and bound by policy

What are the pitfalls/traps in decision making? And what do they mean...

Anchoring: mind gives disproportionate weight to first info it receives

The Status Quo: stay with what seems familiar/least change

The Justify-Past-Actions: if you've already made decision it's hard to go back and change

Inferences and Assumptions: Inference - drawing conclusion based on interpretation of assumptions. Assumptions - subconscious belief taken for granted

Vagueness and Ambiguity: ambiguity two meanings that make sense

Opinion versus Fact:

What is Emotional Intelligence?

The ability to recognize your emotions, understand what they're telling you, and realize how your emotions affect people around you. Also involves your perception of others; when you understand how they feel, this allows you to manage relationships more effectively.

What kind of penalty can you receive in a civil case?

Monetary

1. Drivers license is a _________

2. free speech is a __________

Privilege

Right

The 4th Amendment is violated if a search and seizure is...

Unlawful

3 categories of police/suspect encounters:

Voluntary

Detentions

Arrests

What is the standard of proof for civil

preponderance of evidence

What is the standard of proof for criminal;

beyond reasonable doubt

What are the 3 stakeholders in the Criminal Justice System triangle?

Courts

Law Enforcement

Corrections

CJIS (FBI) manages an index of criminal justice information like criminal record history, fugitives, stolen properties... What is it called?

NCIC (National Crime Information Center)

What are the duties of the Sheriff

Enforce state statutes within designated county; regardless of municipality

Take charge and custody of county jail

Keep a true and exact register of inmates in the jail

Attend to the circuit court while in session

What agency inspects trucks?

State patrol

Who do you call counterfeit money?

Secret service

Who ensures borders against terrorist and other criminals?

Border patrol

What are the 3 traditional professions?

Medicine, law, theology

What is the difference between frisk and full custodial search?

Frisk: limited to patting the outside of the clothing looking for weapons or contraband

Full custodial search: used in lawful arrest for officer safety and within immediate area of person

3 factors for a crime?

Location, victim and offender

2 tools used by DOJ to measure the magnitude, nature and impact of crime in the US?

Uniform Crime Report UCR and National Crime Victimization Survey NCVS

Where is relative positioning?

2 ½ - 3

What are the 3 stances and what type of dialogue go with each?

Open: searching, persuasion

Ready: light control

Defensive: heavy control

Chapters 939-951 are called?

Criminal Code

Each crime is composed of

victim, location and offender

What are the elements for misdemeanor battery

Whoever causes bodily harm to another by an act done w/ intent to cause bodily harm to that person or another without the consent of the person so harmed

Is a misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment?

Both, up to a year in jail

A violent crime is defined as:

those offenses which involve force or threat of force, behavior by a person, against a person that intentionally threats attempts or actually inflicts physical harm

Criminal ____________ occurs when a person creates an unreasonable and substantial risk of death or react body harm to another person...

Recklessness

What are the 3 inchoate

Solicitation, attempt and conspiracy

Commencement of prosecution begins when:

indictment - when changes are filled or when a warrant is secured

R.E.S.P.O.N.D.

Report

Evaluate

Stabilize

Preserve

Organize

Normalize

Document/Debrief

What are the danger zones? Unarmed:

10 feet

What are the danger zones? Unarmed: Club/edged weapon

any distance an officer perceives there to be a threat

What are the danger zones? Firearm

line of sight of death or great bodily harm unbroken by cover

The purpose of USE OF FORCE is

to control people/situation

What are the 3 target requirements:

Acquisition

Identification

Isolation

Do you need all the elements of a crime to change it?

Yes

What is the greater danger exception?

Are the consequences of not stopping the threat worse than the possibility of shooting an innocent

What does preclusion means?

Officer reasonably believes all alternatives have been exhausted or would not be effective

1. Force must be___________

2.What amendment does that fall under?

1. objectively reasonable

2. 4th Amendment

What does DAAT stand for: (and what is it?)

Defense And Arrest Tactics - a system of verbalize toon skill coupled with physical alternatives

What are the 4 basic elements of communications?

Atmosphere

Sender

Message

Receiver

Deadly force =

the intentional use of a firearm or other instrument, the use of which would result in a high probability of death or great bodily harm

Tennessee V Garner:

Judicial precedent establishing that using deadly force on an unarmed fleeing felon is unconstitutional, a fleeing suspect must present a significant threat before an officer can use deadly force. Must consider the totality of the circumstances before implementing force.

What are the 4 Firearms safety rules

1. Assume all guns are loaded

2. Never let the muzzle cross anything you are not willing to destroy

3. Keep your finger off the trigger and outside the trigger guard until you are firing

4. Know your target and what's beyond it

What role do ballistics play in the performance of a handgun

Internal - what happens inside the firearm

External - what happens during the projectile's flight

Terminal - what happens when the projectile strikes

1. Permanent tissue damage caused by the projectile

2. Shot placement

3. Physical and psychological state of the person shot

Firing cycle

Round is: fired, extracted, ejected and fed`

What is tactical ready?

Similar to firing position except that the weapon is lowered slightly 6" below target, so you can look over the weapon and see the subjects hand and waist

What is low ready?

Similar to tactical ready but weapon is pointed down at 45 angle

What command can be given by anyone on the firing line?

Cease fire

When putting your handgun into storage, how should it be kept?

Unloaded, locked up, separate from ammo and uncased

What propels the bullet out of the barrel?

Propellant/expanding gases

How should you grip your gun?

High under the tang as possible and with a 60% pull 40% push

What are the basic steps for conducting an interview?

Prep and planning

Engage and explain

Account clarification and challenge

Closure

Evaluation

What are the best ways to interview the following: Friendly

Funnel approach (let the tell the story uninterrrupted then start with open ended questions)

What are the best ways to interview the following: Neutral

persuaded by a plea to their sense of justice, or that they have minimal but powerful role to play

What are the best ways to interview the following: Interested

be careful with what they say it could be biased

What are the best ways to interview the following: Hostile

reverse of the friendly interview. Begin with close-ended then slowly work on opening up the witness/victim through empathy, affirming what they told you

What are the best ways to interview the following: Child

Dont give suggestive answers

What are the best ways to interview the following: Vulnerable

Separate them from suspect

What are the best ways to interview the following: Traumatize

take your time and be careful not to increase the victims anxiety or fear

What is a show up?

When police ask a suspect matching the description and near the scene to come back to the scene to be ID'd by a victim/witness

What is an open-ended question? When do you use them?

Def: allow for unlimited responses in the victim/witness own words. When you want the victim/witness to tell you everything they know in their own words

What are the rules concerning a photo array?

Serial single photo array done by an officer not involved in the case

What does double blind mean?

Have an independent administrator or using procedure that prevents cueing eyewitness

What are the first 10 Amendments called?

Bill of Rights

Which amendment: Provides for Jury Trial:

6th

Which amendment: Right against cruel and unusual punishment:

8th

Which amendment: Due Process - self incrimination:

5th

Which amendment: Right to be represented by counsel

5th before custody and 6th after custody

Stop and Frisk comes from what case?

Terry v. Ohio

If an officer asks a citizen if they are willing to answer question (without reasonable suspicion or probable cause) the citizen is...?

Free to leave, not in custody