carbohydrates: monosaccharides

condensation reaction

a reaction involving joining 2 monomers together creating a polymer with a loss of water

hydrolysis reaction

a reaction that breaks down a polymer into multiple monomers with a gain of water

alpha glucose

H on the top, OH on the bottom

beta glucose

H on the bottom, OH on the top

reducing sugar

a sugar that can donate electrons, causing a reduction reaction

glucose, galactose, fructose, maltose, lactose

test for reducing sugar

benedict’s solution (copper 2 oxide) with heat, results in an insoluble red precipitate

carbohydrates properties

formed by hydrogen, carbon and oxygen

double bonded oxygen with carbon

varies in chain lengths

carbon bonds to other carbons

monosaccharides properties

sweet taste

soluble

(CH20)n

n is any number from 3-7

isomer

same molecular formula, different arrangements of atoms