Chemical Formulas 2

Empirical Formula

The simplest possible formula in chemistry that shows types of atoms and the simplest ratio of atoms.

Molecular Formula

A formula that shows the actual number of each type of atom in a molecule, related to the empirical formula.

Percent Composition

The percentage by mass of each element in a compound, used to determine empirical formulas.

Simplest Ratio

The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound, derived from dividing moles by the smallest mole number.

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, crucial for converting grams to moles.

Calculation Steps for Empirical Formula

1. Convert percentages to grams, 2. Convert grams to moles, 3. Divide by the smallest mole number.

Molecular Formula Equation

Molecular formula = Empirical formula × n, where n is the integer factor.

Handling Decimal Numbers

To convert non-whole number ratios in empirical formulas, multiply all numbers by an integer to get whole numbers.

Potassium Carbonate Example

An empirical formula calculation resulting from given percentages of K, C, and O, leading to K2CO3.

n in Molecular Formulas

An integer factor calculated as n = (Molecular formula mass) / (Empirical formula mass), used to find the molecular formula.