Gi tract and Endocrine disorders

Gastrin (Stomach)

stimulates proton pumps to make HCL

Secretin (SM.Intestine)

stimulates bicarbonate buffer secretion into the duodenum

Cholecystokinin (SM. Intestine)

stimulates bile secretion in the duodenum

Gastric inhibitory peptide (sm intestine)

slows gastric emptying to allow for good digestion

Cushing’s Disease (Hypercortisolism)

excess cortisol

Addison’s Disease

low Aldosterone and low cortisol (make you retain salt, which water follows, which increase blood pressure)

Conn’s Syndrome (Hyperaldosteronism)

30% of cases of hypertension are actually due to this. Usually caused by adrenal cortex tumor.

Pheochromocytoma

excessive norepinephrine and epinephrine

hyperthyroidism

excessive thyroid hormones cause graves’ disease

graves’ disease

autoimmune attack, over-stimulates thyroid receptors.

hypothyroidism

insufficient thyroid hormones. Causes thyroid tumor, goiter, insufficient dietary iodine.

Cretanism

decrease growth from low t3 and t4