General First Aid Knowledge

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering fundamental first aid knowledge, including assessments, treatment protocols, and recognition of medical emergencies.

3 P’s

Preserve life, Prevent further injury, Promote recovery.

Primary Assessment

The initial evaluation of a victim's condition, checking for hazards, obtaining consent, assessing level of consciousness, and ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation).

Level Of Consciousness (LOC)

A scale to determine a victim's responsiveness: A-Alert, V-Voice, P-Pain, U-unresponsive.

S.A.M.P.L.E

A mnemonic used in secondary assessments to gather information about the victim: Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events leading up to the injury.

Treatment for Choking

For adults, perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver); for infants, use back blows and chest thrusts.

Hypoglycemia Symptoms

Shakiness, sweating, confusion, dizziness, or irritability due to low blood sugar.

Treatment for Fractures

Immobilize the area, apply ice to reduce swelling, and seek medical help.

Treating Sprains

RICE method: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation to reduce swelling and pain.

Recognizing a Stroke

Use F.A.S.T.: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, Time to call for help.

Treatment for Allergic Reactions

Remove the allergen if possible, monitor breathing, and administer antihistamines or EpiPen if severe.

Burn Severity Degrees

Classification of burns: 1st degree (superficial), 2nd degree (partial thickness), 3rd degree (full thickness). Each degree indicates the damage level to the skin.

First Aid for Electrical Burns

Ensure the power source is off, cool the burn with water, cover with a sterile dressing, and seek medical attention due to possible internal injuries.

Signs of a Stroke

Symptoms include sudden numbness or weakness, confusion, trouble speaking, and loss of balance; use the F.A.S.T. acronym to assess.

Managing Asthma Attack

Help the person sit comfortably, assist with their inhaler, and call emergency services if symptoms do not improve quickly.

Treatment for Heat Exhaustion

Move to a cooler place, hydrate with water or electrolyte drinks, and apply cool, wet cloths to the skin.

Signs of Severe Allergic Reaction

Symptoms include hives, swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, or chest tightness; requires immediate medical assistance.

First Aid for Poisoning

Identify the poison, do not induce vomiting unless instructed, and call poison control or emergency services immediately.

CPR for Infants

Call 911, give 30 gentle compressions followed by 2 breaths, ensure the head is slightly tilted back, and check for responsiveness frequently.

Scene Safety Checklist\n\n

Ensure the scene is safe before providing aid: look for hazards, ensure there are no vehicles nearby, and confirm that the environment is stable.

Recovery Position\n\n

A side-lying position to help maintain an open airway for unconscious but breathing victims.

AED Use\n\n

Automated External Defibrillator; used to treat sudden cardiac arrest by analyzing heart rhythm and delivering shocks if needed.

Controlling Bleeding\n\n

Apply direct pressure to the wound, elevate the injured area, and if necessary, use a tourniquet.

Signs of Shock\n\n

Look for symptoms such as pale or clammy skin, rapid heartbeat, and confusion; requires immediate medical attention.

Splinting Techniques\n\n

Methods to immobilize fractures: use padding and support above and below the injury site.

Heat Stroke Symptoms\n\n

Symptoms include high body temperature, altered mental state, and hot, dry skin; requires immediate cooling and medical help.

Choking Recognition\n\n

Identify choking by observing inability to breathe, talk, or cough; ask the person if they are choking.

Burn Treatment Steps\n\n

Cool the burn under running water, cover with a non-stick sterile dressing, and avoid applying ice directly.

First Aid for Animal Bites\n\n

Clean the wound thoroughly with soap and water, apply an antibiotic ointment, and seek medical care if severe.

Treatment for Electrical Burns\n\n

Turn off the power source, cool the burn with water, cover with a sterile dressing, and seek medical attention due to potential internal injuries.

Treatment for Severe Cuts\n\n

Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding, clean the wound, and cover it with a sterile bandage; seek medical assistance if it does not stop bleeding or is deep.

Treatment for Sprains\n\n

Follow the RICE method: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation to minimize swelling and promote healing.

First Aid for Heat Stroke\n\n

Move the person to a cooler environment, remove excess clothing, and cool the body with ice packs or cool water; seek emergency medical help immediately.

First Aid for Seizures\n\n

Ensure the area is safe, cushion the person's head, move any dangerous objects away, and stay with them until they are fully conscious; do not put anything in their mouth.

Management of Anaphylactic Shock\n\n

Administer an EpiPen if available, call emergency services, and monitor breathing; lay the person flat with legs elevated if they are having trouble breathing.

CPR for Adults\n\n

Perform 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths; continue until emergency services arrive or the person shows signs of life.

Treatment for Nosebleeds\n\n

Pinch the nostrils together, lean forward slightly, and apply a cold compress to the nose for about 10 minutes; seek medical help if bleeding does not stop.

Management of Diabetic Emergencies\n\n

If hypoglycemic, provide sugar (juice or glucose tablets); for hyperglycemic emergencies, administer insulin if prescribed and seek medical assistance.

First Aid for Sprained Ankles\n\n

Use RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression with a bandage, and Elevation to minimize swelling and promote healing.