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Unit 2: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes

Population Distributions:

  • People move to areas that give them more opportunities and happiness

    • Larger urban areas offer economic and social opportunities

    • Rural areas have move dispersed housing with a quieter lifestyle

Population Density:

  • Arithmetic density: the population/ the amount of land

  • Physiological Density: The population/ the amount of arable land

  • Agricultural Density: The amount of farmers/ the amount of arable land

Important Population Vocabulary:

  • Crude Birth Rate: Number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive.

  • Crude Death Rate: Number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive

  • Natural Increase Rate: The percentage by which a population grows in a year

  • Total Fertility Rate: The average number of children a woman will have

  • Dependency Ratio: The number of working people in a country who support the people in a country who cannot work

  • Sex Ratio: The ratio of males to females in a population

  • Doubling time: The time it takes for a population to double in size

Child Policies:

  • Antinatalist: policies that restrict population growth and motivate people to have less children.

    • China One-Child Policy, Singapore

  • Pronatalist: policies that encourage people to have more children

    • Russia

Malthusian Theory:

  • The population would grow exponentially until eventually reaching the Earth’s carrying capacity.

    • Human pop. grows exponentially

    • Food production grows arithmetically

    • Neo-Malthusians: People who believe that Thomas Malthus was right

Migration:

  • People move due to economic, political, social, or environmental reasons.

  • The number one reason for migration is economic

  • Ravenstein’s laws of migration:

    • Migrants move only a short distance

    • Migrants most likely move to cities

  • Migration is either forced or voluntary

    • Forced: When the migrant’s life or family’s life is in danger

      • Move to seek shelter and safety

    • Voluntary: the migrant chooses to migrate without fear of persecution or death

  • Intervening opportunities: Migrants can encounter a place on their journey that provides similar opportunities, causing them to stay.

  • Intervening obstacles: a barrier that interferes someone’s journey to their destination

    • ex: a mountain, border patrol

Unit 2: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes

Population Distributions:

  • People move to areas that give them more opportunities and happiness

    • Larger urban areas offer economic and social opportunities

    • Rural areas have move dispersed housing with a quieter lifestyle

Population Density:

  • Arithmetic density: the population/ the amount of land

  • Physiological Density: The population/ the amount of arable land

  • Agricultural Density: The amount of farmers/ the amount of arable land

Important Population Vocabulary:

  • Crude Birth Rate: Number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive.

  • Crude Death Rate: Number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive

  • Natural Increase Rate: The percentage by which a population grows in a year

  • Total Fertility Rate: The average number of children a woman will have

  • Dependency Ratio: The number of working people in a country who support the people in a country who cannot work

  • Sex Ratio: The ratio of males to females in a population

  • Doubling time: The time it takes for a population to double in size

Child Policies:

  • Antinatalist: policies that restrict population growth and motivate people to have less children.

    • China One-Child Policy, Singapore

  • Pronatalist: policies that encourage people to have more children

    • Russia

Malthusian Theory:

  • The population would grow exponentially until eventually reaching the Earth’s carrying capacity.

    • Human pop. grows exponentially

    • Food production grows arithmetically

    • Neo-Malthusians: People who believe that Thomas Malthus was right

Migration:

  • People move due to economic, political, social, or environmental reasons.

  • The number one reason for migration is economic

  • Ravenstein’s laws of migration:

    • Migrants move only a short distance

    • Migrants most likely move to cities

  • Migration is either forced or voluntary

    • Forced: When the migrant’s life or family’s life is in danger

      • Move to seek shelter and safety

    • Voluntary: the migrant chooses to migrate without fear of persecution or death

  • Intervening opportunities: Migrants can encounter a place on their journey that provides similar opportunities, causing them to stay.

  • Intervening obstacles: a barrier that interferes someone’s journey to their destination

    • ex: a mountain, border patrol