Introduction to Information & Communication Technology (ICT) Lecture 2

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture notes on computer systems, focusing on components such as the CPU, memory types, and processing methods.

What are the four main parts of a computer system?

Hardware, Software, Data, User.

What is the function of the motherboard in a computer?

The motherboard connects all parts of a computer together.

What does CPU stand for?

Central Processing Unit.

What are the three major components of a CPU?

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), Registers.

What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)?

To perform arithmetic and logic operations.

What type of memory is RAM?

Volatile memory that is accessed directly by the processor.

What is the difference between primary and secondary memory?

Primary memory is accessed directly by the processor, while secondary memory is non-volatile and not directly accessed.

What is the purpose of cache memory?

To speed up data transfer by storing frequently or recently used instructions and data.

What are the two types of RAM?

Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and Static RAM (SRAM).

What does ROM stand for and what is its purpose?

Read Only Memory; it holds software that is not expected to change.

What is a computer bus?

A physical connection that transfers data among computer components.

What does pipelining refer to in processing?

An instruction's action begins before the previous one is complete.

What makes a computer fast?

Microprocessor speed, bus line size, availability of cache, and parallel processing.

What does EEPROM stand for?

Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory.