Art Appreciation Final Exam -- ICC online

Narthex

is the walkway directly in front of a church that serves as the entryporch.

Cycladic, Minoan, Mycenaean

Three major cultures that preceded the Greeks in and around the Aegean

Ishtar Gates

The blue-tiled gates that adorned the streets of Nebuchadnezzar's Babylonian palace

The Laocoon Group

A prime example of art from the Greek Hellenisticperiod that exemplifies its dramatic character.

The Lady and the Unicorn

During the Gothic period in Europe, tapestrieswere highly valued such as this example from the text.

The Palace of Knossos

This Minoan palace is thought to be theinspirational basis for the Greek myth of Theseus and the Minotaur:

Instanbul, Turkey

The Roman Emperor Constantine moved the capital fromRome to Byzantium located in present day Istanbul.

Tigris and Euphrates

The land called Mesopotamia lies in between these two rivers

Queen Hatshepsut

This powerful female Egyptian pharaoh from the NewKingdom is buried in a rock-cut cliffside tomb.

Howard Carter

discovered King Tutankhamun's tomb in 1922.

Charlemagne

The Palace Chapel at Aachen, Germany was built for himselfas his personal place of worship.

Rose Windows

The large round stained-glass windows over the entrances to Gothic cathedrals.

Stained Glass Windows

A defining characteristic of Gothic cathedrals.

Entasis

To compensate for the natural visual distortion in which tall columns appear to bend inward, the Greeks gave them a slight outward bulge.

Transept

The cross-shaped floor plan of a church is formed by the combined shapes of the nave and the transept.

Sainte-Foy

This Romanesque church was on the route of religious pilgrimages in France.

Amenhotep IV

This Egyptian pharaoh made the radical move to change the religion from polytheism to the worship of the one god Aten.

Gothic Cathedrals

Soaring open spaces, pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, flying buttresses, and stained-glass windows are characteristic of the Gothic style.

The Clerestory

The walled, upward extension of the nave that is pierced with windows admitting light

The Great Sphinx

at Giza in Egypt, has the body of a lion and the head of a Pharoah.

The Maesta Altarpiece

Sienese Pre-Renaissance artist Duccio painted this altarpiece for the Siena Cathedral in Italy.

San Vitale

An example of a Byzantine central-plan church can be found in Ravena, Italy built during the reign of Justinian.

The Lever House

An example of the International Style of Americans kyscrapers that emphasizes clean lines and geometric forms is this building in New York.

An Arch

rotated 360 degrees on its axis is called a dome.

The Guggenheim Museum

Designed by modern architect Frank Gehry using digital technology to create virtual models of his buildings resulting in unique curving designs.

The International Style

in architecture emphasizes clean lines, geometric form, and avoidance of superficial decoration

The Golden Gate Bridge

A remarkable example of engineering is seen in the suspension supported structure

Louis Sullivan

Designed The Wainwright Building in St Louis, Missouri, an early example of steel-frame construction which influenced the modern skyscraper.

Riems Cathedral

This 13th century French cathedral was shown in the text as an example of Gothic architecture

The Pantheon

The famous domed structure in Rome that is a temple dedicated to all the gods

The Nave

The long central aisle of a church plan

The Great Friday Mosque

An early example of load-bearing construction isd isplayed in the 13th century adobe structure located in Djenne', Mali.

Pendentives

Architectural structures that create a smooth transition from a buildings square base to a circular dome

Load-Bearing Construction

Another term for Stacking and Piling.

An Oculus

The round opening in the top of the dome of the Pantheon

Coffering

Implementing geometric recessions into a ceiling or dome interior to help lessen its weight as well as to add a decorative element.

Zaha Hadid

This architect used digital technology to generate designs for the Burnham Pavilion in Chicago made of panels of fabric zipped over an aluminum framework.

The Temple of Luxor

An example of a hypostyle hall (interior supported by a "forest" of columns) can be seen in this Egyptian architectural structure.

Shell and Skeleton-and-Skin

The two basic families of structural systems in architecture.

Alberti

An influential architect of The Renaissance and designer of the Sant 'Andrea church

The Venus of Urbino

The Venetian artist Titian demonstrates his skill at oil painting and the rich use of color in his painting of a reclining nude

Craftsman to Intellectuals

One of the effects of the Renaissance was to change the status of artists in Europe from

Neo-Platonism

attempted to reconcile Classical philosophy with Christianity during the Renaissance.

Sfumato

the term used to describe the "smoky" atmosphere in the background of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa.

Triangular

shaped compositions, as seen in Masaccio's Trinity with the Virgin, St. John the Evangelist, and Donors, was a popular device among Renaissance artists of Italy.

THe Medici Family

Michelangelo, Raphael, and Botticelli were all commissioned to make art for his Italian family and rulers of Florence, Italy

Jacques-Louis David

This French Neo-Classical painter of Oath of the Horatii used his talents to further the cause of the French Revolution.

French king Louis XIV

relocated the royal palace from Paris to Versailles, the previous sight of his father's old hunting lodge.

Caravaggio

This highly influential Baroque painter is known for his dramatic use of light and shadow as seen in his painting Entombment ofChrist.

The Isenheim Alrarpiece

with its gruesome details of Christ's flesh wounds, originally hung in A hospital for patients with skin disease.

Nicolas Poussin; The Ashes of Phokion

Foremost among French painters of the 17th century was ___________ who painted _________

Renaissance

The word ____________ is Italian for "rebirth" (a rebirth or rediscovery of Greek and Roman art and philosophy in the 15th and early 16th centuries).

Ghiberti

After winning the 1401 competition, this artist designed the Gates of Paradise for the Florence Baptistery.

Genre Paintings

Paintings depicting scenes of everyday life.

The Book of Genesis

The theme of the Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes painted by Michelangelo.

Raising of the Cross

Peter Paul Rubens shows the Baroque taste for energetic compositions, painterly bravado, and dramatic subjects in thispainting.

Jasper Johns

In his piece Target with Four Faces, Johns uses common symbols re-interpreted visually using the encaustic painting technique and mixed-media.

Paul Gaugin

Artist ______ _________ would most likely paint a subject of a women from Tahiti

Georges Seurat

Developed the painting technique of pointillism

Women ; Willem de Kooning

The ______ series of paintings by _________ ____ __________ caused a stir in the art world because they were brutal in their depiction.

Ready Mades

Marcel Duchamp created a new art form in which the artist makes nothing, but merely labels a found object as art such as his pieceFountain which was a ceramic urinal entered into an art exhibition.

Roy Lichtenstein

often based his imagery on the comic book

TV Buddha

The potential of video as an art vehicle was pioneered by Nam June Paik in this piece.

Ingres

This student of Jacques-Louis David painted the mythological subject Jupiter and Thetis in the Neo-Classical tradition

The Industrial Revolution

A major influence upon European culture of the19th century and one that gave rise to an expanding middle class.

The Harlem Renaissance

Arron Douglas was a prominent AfricanAmerican artist during the early 20th century associated with this movement.

Mark Rothko

This 20th century artist juxtaposed flat shapes of color against each other in thin layers to exploit the purely emotional effects of color. His painting 'Orange and Yellow' is an example of "Color FieldPainting".

Berthe Morisot

This female Impressionist's talent gained her acceptance into the circle of artists and critics for the entirety of her life. Her talent is demonstrated in her painting Summer's Day.

Joan Miro

This Spanish artist's painting Carnival of the Harlequin evoked the playful and light-hearted side of the Surrealist movement.

Marina Abramovic and Ulay

A provocative example of performance art was given when visitors had to pass through the nude artists at the entrance of the gallery

Characteristics of Romantic Art

drama, unbridled emotions, and complex compositions. (Romantic Movement in Europe 18th century.)

Allan Kaprow

This artist was a pioneer in the 1960's performance art movement as in his piece Courtyard which utilized actors, props, and sound effects in a non-repeatable outdoor performance

Thomas Cole

The sublime beauty of the American landscape is captured in the painting The Oxbow

Object (Luncheon in Fur) by Meret Oppenheim

A good example of a Surrealist poetic object.

Gustave Courbet

This French artist is considered the foremost Realist(movement) painter as demonstrated in his masterpiece A Burial at Ornans

A Dead Shark

What object did contemporary artist Damien Hirst use in his piece The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living:?

Impressionists

In their paintings, the _____________ often focused on the fleeting effects of light and atmosphere on nature

Henri Matisse

Considered the leader of the Fauvist movement, this artist's painting The Joy of Life embodies all its ideals.

The Eagle-headed deity

stone carving from 9th century Iraq would best be classified as Low-Relief Sculpture

Contrapposto

Greek sculptor Lysippos' statue Apoxyomenos utilizes an S-curve that flows along the body to create a sense of naturalism referred to as

Olmec

Gigantic heads carved out of volcanic rock around 1500 B.C. were discovered in Mesoamerica weighing as much as 50 tons created by theOlmec civilization.

High-Relief Sculpture

The Indian sculpture Durga Fighting the Buffalo Demon is an example of a

The Tree of Jesse

We see an example of the art of stained-glass from the 13th century Chartres Cathedral named

subtractive process (taking away material)

The carving method of sculpting is a

Kiki Smith

The contemporary artist whose figurative sculpture Honeywax is made out of beeswax.

A pomegranate

An early example of glass art comes to us from Ancient Egypt in the form of a bottle in the shape of this fruit

Perseus with the Head of Medusa

Italian Renaissance sculptor Benvenuto Cellini used the lost wax method to create this sculpture

Casting

The bronze sculpture from India called The Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara was created using this method of sculpting

Coiling

Pueblo Indians Maria and Julian Martinez use this method to create their clay vessels.

Kaikei

Japanese wood carving artist ________ carved Hachiman in the Guise of a Monk, a seated deity and protector of warriors.

Feathers

A representative of weaving comes in the form of a basket made by 19th century Pomo Indians from California for spiritual purposes. The basket is decorated with

Menkaure and Khamerernebty

An example of figurative sculpture from Old Kingdom Egypt depicts the King and Queen carved in stone.

Lacquer

The Chinese Snuff bottle with figures in a landscape was carved out of this material derived from the sap of a tree.

Christo and Jeanne-Claude

The husband and wife duo who temporarily installed 7,503 saffron colored 'gates' in New York's Central Park in 2005.

Faig Ahmed

Contemporary artist who reinterprets traditional Persian rug-weaving, creating rugs that appear to be melting and dripping from the walls

The Carolingian Period

The name given to the period under the reign of Charlemagne.

Mosaic

This technique was used to complete the Empress Theodora and Retinue in the Byzantine church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy 547 C.E.

Hierarchical Scale

The convention of representing social importance by size as seen in the Victory Stele of Naram-Sin

The Book of the Dead

Egyptian book of spells used by Isis to raise Osiris from the dead.

The Acropolis

High plateau in Athens, Greece on which are built temples dedicated to the goddess Athena from the Classical Greek period.