bio 2/14

Sporophyte Generation

The diploid phase in a plant's life cycle that produces spores and contains the zygote.

Gametophyte Generation

The haploid phase in a plant's life cycle that develops from spores and produces gametes.

Diploid

A cell or organism that has two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Zygote

A fertilized ovum that develops into the sporophyte generation.

Endosperm

The tissue that nourishes a developing seed in plants, formed during fertilization.

Gymnosperms

Seed-producing plants that do not form flowers or fruits, such as conifers.

Angiosperms

Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruit.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from the male structures to the female structures of flowers.

Umwelt

The way in which an organism perceives its environment.

Double Fertilization

A process in angiosperms where one sperm fertilizes the egg forming a zygote and another sperm fuses with two polar nuclei to form endosperm.

Complete Flower

A flower that has all four essential parts: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.

Incomplete Flower

A flower that is missing one or more of the essential parts.

Stamen

The male reproductive part of a flower, consisting of an anther and filament.

Carpel

The female reproductive part of a flower, made up of stigma, style, and ovary.

Sepals

The outer parts of a flower that protect the bud before it opens.

Petals

The colorful parts of a flower that attract pollinators.

Pollen Tube

A tube formed by the pollen grain that allows sperm cells to reach the ovule.

Triploid

A cell or organism that has three sets of chromosomes, often resulting from double fertilization.

Endosperm Tissue

The tissue that serves as food for the developing embryo within a seed.

Filament

The stalk that supports the anther in the stamen of a flower.

Anther

The part of the stamen where pollen is produced.

Pistil

Another term sometimes used for the carpel in flowering plants.