Mythology #3

Argonaut’s ship

the Argo

who was the only female Argonaut

Atalanta; virgin warrior, raised by a bear

what is the goal of jason’s quest?

to retrieve the Golden Fleece from Colchis

who is Jason’s patron god

Hera

Medea family (grandfathers, father, aunt)

grandfather Helios and Oceanus, father King Aeëtes of Colchis, aunt sorceress Circe

who does medea kill on the way back to greece

Jason and Medea are being chased by King Aeëtes, so they cut her brother into pieces and throw him into the sea

how does medea flee from Corinth

in a cart drawn by dragons sent by her grandfather Helios

what does Parthenos mean

virgin (Athena virgin goddess)

who was in Athens patron contest/who won

Posiedon created a spring or horse, Athen created the olive tree and won

What kind of creature is Cecrops?

half-man half-snake, an autochthon/from the soil, founded Athens

Erichthonius birth

born directly from the soil of Attica, after Hephaestus attempted to rape Athena, but instead cast his seed upon the ground.

what happened to Europa

Zeus courted her as a bull and swam with her on his back to Crete, she bore 3 sons and became first Queen of Crete

who is cadmus, what did apollo tell him

Cadmus was looking for sister Europa, Apollo/oracle of Delphi tells him to follow a cow and establish a city where she lays

Minotaur family

Queen Pasiphae (Minos wife) and bull sent by Poseidon (supposed to be sacraficed)

Dionysus birth

born from Zeus’ thighs

Dionysus kidnapped

kidnapped by pirates- he confuses their thoughts and causes them to jump into the water, where they transform into dolphins.

Dionysus known for:

not just wine, god of transformation (pirates to dolphins, god of theatre)

who is Orpheus

poet/musician, argonaut, descended into Hades to recover Eurydice

what does Orpheus do after losing Eurydice a 2nd time

swears off women, invents pederasty

how did Orpheus serve as an oracle

His head, still singing, floated to Lesbos, where he prophesied until Apollo made him stop

who were Dioskouroi, family tree?

Castor and Pollux; both sons of Leda (queen of Sparta). Castor's father was King Tyndareus, while Pollux's father was Zeus. sisters are Clytemnestra (dad is King) and Helen of Troy (dad is Zeus)

why was the whole greek world fighting to rescue Helen

The Oath of Tyndareus; all of Helen’s suitors swore to defend the chosen husband

how was Tantalus punished

(tried to feed the gods his own son) has to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches, can never reach the fruit or drink the water

who is Pelops (father and lover)

father Tantalus killed him to feed to the gods, in pederastic relationship with Poseidon

Erastes vs eromenos

pederasty; older male (erastes) and a younger male (eromenos)

Cyrene founded what city

Apollo saw her wrestle a lion, brought her to Libya and founded the city of Cyrene, made her its queen.

Eris name meaning/god of:

name meaning strife, goddess of discord

Eris myth

only goddess not to be invited to the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, gives golden apple for “the most beautiful goddess”

Judgement of Paris

must give golden apple to the most beautiful goddess (Hera, Athena, Aphrodite). Aphrodite promises him Helen, she wins.

“the finest thing on Earth” according to Sappho:

love

how does Achilles hide as teenager

disguises as princess on Skyros

Colchis: where is it, what happens there

Coast of the Black Sea, present-day western Georgia. Home of Medea and the golden fleece

what is represented on the Parthenon’s pediments

Entrance: birth of Athena, Back: athen vs poseidon dispute for Athens, East: giants, West: amazons, South: centaurs, North: fall of Troy

where is/what is the Parthenon

temple on the Athenian Acropolis for Athena

Labyrinth’s remains and creator

designed by Daedalus, real ruins on Crete

what was troy/where is it

located in modern turkey

Autochthon meaning, animal associated

indigenous, literally from the Earth, associated with cicadas