ch 6 prequiz stuff

carbon

?nonmetallic chemical element that is the fundamental building block of all known life. form strong bonds with itself and many other elements.

hydrogen (bond?)

A secondary interatomic bond that exists

between a hydrogen atom and

the electrons of adjacent atoms. ?lightest and most abundant substance in the universe

repeat units

The most fundamental structural unit in a polymer

chain. A polymer molecule is composed of a large number of

repeat units that are linked together.

van der Walls bonds

A secondary interatomic bond between adjacent molecular dipoles that may be permanent or induced.

covalent bonds

A primary interatomic bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons between neighboring atoms.

macromolecule

A huge molecule made up of thousands of atoms.

saturated molecules

A carbon atom that participates in only single covalent bonds with four other atoms.

weak bonds

low-energy, non-covalent attractions between molecules, or between different parts of a large molecule. Most common types are hydrogen bonds and van der waals bonds

hydrocarbons

an organic compound made up entirely of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms. They are the main components of fossil fuels like petroleum, natural gas, and coal.

monomer

A stable molecule from which a polymer is synthesized.

unsaturated molecules

Describes carbon atoms that participate in double

or triple covalent bonds and, therefore, are not bonded to a

maximum of four other atoms.

Cite the types of bonds that occur within polymer macromolecules and between polymer macromolecules.

Within polymer macromolecules, atoms are joined by covalent bonds. Between polymer macromolecules, the attractions are weaker intermolecular forces like van der Waals and hydrogen bonds.

Explain what is meant by single double and triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Single, double, and triple bonds refer to the number of electron pairs shared between two carbon atoms. The more pairs, the stronger the bond.

Recognize the structure and chemical equations for hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbon structures contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Their chemical equations are identified by the general formula C_H_.

Recognize the symbol for a phenyl group.

The phenyl group is symbolized by the abbreviation Ph, the Greek letter phi, or as a hexagon containing a circle.