big idea 4: computer systems & networks - ap csp flashcards ੈ✩‧₊˚

all info from barrons book!! good luck everyone

what is a computing device + examples

a physical artifact that can run a program

ex. tablets, computers, smart sensors, routers, etc.

are computing devices computers only

no!! a computer is a computing device but not every computing device is a computer, such as calculators, printers, etc.

what is a computing system

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

what is a computer network

a type of computing system; a group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending/receiving data

what is bandwidth

the max amount of data that can be SENT in a fixed amount of time

what is scalability

the capacity for a system to change in size and scale to meet new demands

what is routing

the process of finding a path from sender or receiver

how is bandwidth measured

bits per second

what is the internet

a network or networks; entirely decentralized and a physical network of fiber optics, radio transmitters and cabling

what is a protocol

an agreed upon set of ruled that specify that behavior of a system

what is IP (internet protocol)

IP is responsible for addressing and routing your online requests

how many bits does IPv4 use

32; 2³² IP addresses

how many bits does IPv6 use

128; 2^128 IP addresses

can the IP address of a user’s device change

yes it can change at any time

what is TCP (transmission control protocol)

protocol that defines how computers send packets of data to each other; guide the rules on how data are subdivided into packets before transmission

what is UDP (user datagram protocol)

protocol that allows computer applications to send messages without checking for missing packets to save of time needed to retransmit missing packets

which is more reliable, UDP or TCP

TCP because is does resend packets lost when transmitting

what is fault tolerance

if a system fails, different paths can be used between the sending and receiving computer; redundancy is involved

what is the main difference between the internet and the world wide wed

the internet refers to hardware, www refers to the software used on the internet

what protocol does the world wide web use to transmit data

HTTP

what is sequential computing

computational model where operations are performed in order one at a time

what is parallel computing

involves breaking up a task into smaller, sequential pieces then the pieces are executed all at the same time; consists of a parallel component and a sequential component

how is the speedup of a parallel solution measured

(sequential run time)/ (parallel run time)

what is distributed computing

uses multiple computing devices to run a program instead of a single computer