CHM2010L Final - Distillation

Distillation(Simple and Fractional), including diagrams - Pages 19-23

Liquid-Vapor Composition of Simple Distillation

Liquid-Vapor Composition of Fractional Distillation

Good Separation Achievement

What is distillation?

a method in which the purification of liquids is obtained by either separating them from non-volatile materials or by separating them from other volatile substances

Impurities will be __________ if they are not volatile and only the pure, volatile substance will _________

(1) left behind (2) remain

As temperature increase, the vapor pressure will ____________

increase

Simple distillation is used to separate a __________ liquid from _________ impurities or from a different liquid which has a boiling point that is at least _______ degrees higher than the first's.

(1) volatile (2) nonvolatile (3) 80 degrees

Simple distillation ______ be used to completely separate a mixture of two liquids that are volatile which boiling points that are close together.

cannot

Three Types of Temperature behaviors occur during simple distillation:

1) In which the temperature remains the same for one volatile liquid that is being distilled from nonvolatile components

2) In which the temperature of a mixture of two volatile liquids with similar boiling points increase as more volume is distilled

3) In which the temperature for one component only increases at a specific amount of distilled volume within a mixture of two volatile liquids with widely differing points

The temperature __________ for one volatile liquid that is being distilled from nonvolatile components

remains the same

In which the temperature of a mixture of two volatile liquids with similar boiling points _________ as more volume is distilled

increase

In which the temperature for one component only _________ at a specific amount of distilled volume within a mixture of two volatile liquids with widely ________ points

(1) increases (2)differing

Fractional Distillation occurs when the results of repeated distillations are accomplished in how many processes?

A single process

In fractional distillation.....

the vertical column within an apparatus for fractional distillation is packed with some inert material and is inserted between a distilling flask and a condenser